1.安装JDK环境
运行java -version
查看节点中是否安装有jdk
- 若已经装有jdk,则需要在添加环境变量是填入对应的版本信息及安装路径。
- 若从未安装过jdk,则可到
https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase8-archive-downloads.html
下载对应版本的jdk,并上传到Linux文件系统中, 执行命令rpm –ivh 安装包名
安装JDK
添加环境变量
将安装jdk的目录添加到/etc/profile
文件中
执行命令source /etc/profile
使得配置生效
2.安装Hadoop
(1)准备安装包
先在官网上下载Hadoop的安装包https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/core/hadoop-2.6.4/
(2)安装Hadoop
利用Xftp上传hadoop-2.6.4.tar.gz文件到/opt目录,解压缩hadoop-2.6.4.tar.gz 文件,tar -zxf hadoop-2.6.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local
解压后即可,看到/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4文件夹,标记的文件
(3)修改配置
进入目录:cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4/etc/hadoop/
依次修改下面的文件:
- core-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://master:8020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/var/log/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>
</configuration>
- hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_151
- hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:///data/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:///data/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
<value>master:50090</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>3</value>
</property>
</configuration>
- 复制
cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
- mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<!-- jobhistory properties -->
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
<value>master:10020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
<value>master:19888</value>
</property>
</configuration>
- yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>master</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
<value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}:8032</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
<value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}:8030</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
<value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}:8088</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.https.address</name>
<value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}:8090</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
<value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}:8031</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
<value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}:8033</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.local-dirs</name>
<value>/data/hadoop/yarn/local</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.remote-app-log-dir</name>
<value>/data/tmp/logs</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.log.server.url</name>
<value>http://master:19888/jobhistory/logs/</value>
<description>URL for job history server</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
<value>2048</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name>
<value>512</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-mb</name>
<value>4096</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.map.memory.mb</name>
<value>2048</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.reduce.memory.mb</name>
<value>2048</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.cpu-vcores</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
</configuration>
- yarn-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_151
- slaves
删除localhost,添加:
slave1
slave2
slave3
- 设置IP映射,编辑各节点/etc/hosts,添加:
192.168.128.130 master master.centos.com
192.168.128.131 slave1 slave1.centos.com
192.168.128.132 slave2 slave2.centos.com
192.168.128.133 slave3 slave3.centos.com
- 拷贝hadoop安装文件到集群slave节点
scp -r /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4 slave1:/usr/local
scp -r /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4 slave2:/usr/local
scp -r /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4 slave3:/usr/local
(4)配置SSH无密码登录
- 使用ssh-keygen产生公钥与私钥对。输入命令“ssh-keygen -t rsa”,接着按三次Enter键
[root@master ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
a6:13:5a:7b:54:eb:77:58:bd:56:ef:d0:64:90:66:d4 root@master.centos.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| .. |
| . .E|
| . = |
| . . o o |
| o S . . =|
| o * . o ++|
| . + . . o ooo|
| o . ..o |
| .|
+-----------------+
生成私有密钥id_rsa和公有密钥id_rsa.pub两个文件。ssh-keygen用来生成RSA类型的密钥以及管理该密钥,参数“-t”用于指定要创建的SSH密钥的类型为RSA。
- 用ssh-copy-id将公钥复制到远程机器中,依次输入yes,123456(root用户的密码)
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub master
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub slave1
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub slave2
ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub slave3
- 验证是否设置无密码登录,依次输入
ssh slave1
ssh slave2
ssh slave3
(5) 配置时间同步服务
- 安装NTP服务。在各节点:
yum -y install ntp
ssh slave1 yum -y install ntp
ssh slave2 yum -y install ntp
ssh slave3 yum -y install ntp
- 设置假设master节点为NTP服务主节点,那么其配置如下。
使用命令“vim /etc/ntp.conf”打开/etc/ntp.conf文件,注释掉以server开头的行,并添加:
restrict 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
server 127.127.1.0
fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10
- 在slave中配置NTP,同样修改
vim /etc/ntp.conf
文件,注释掉server开头的行,并添加:
server master
- 永久性关闭防火墙,主节点和从节点都要关闭
service iptables stop & chkconfig iptables off
ssh slave1 service iptables stop & chkconfig iptables off
ssh slave2 service iptables stop & chkconfig iptables off
ssh slave3 service iptables stop & chkconfig iptables off
- 启动NTP服务
service ntpd start & chkconfig ntpd on
ssh slave1 service ntpd start & chkconfig ntpd on
ssh slave2 service ntpd start & chkconfig ntpd on
ssh slave3 service ntpd start & chkconfig ntpd on
ssh slave1 ntpdate master
ssh slave2 ntpdate master
ssh slave3 ntpdate master
(6) 添加Hadoop环境变量
在/etc/profile添加JAVA_HOME和Hadoop路径,vim /etc/profile
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_151
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile
使修改生效
-
格式化NameNode,进入目录
cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4/bin
,执行格式化./hdfs namenode -format
注意!启动Hadoop前必须进行格式化,而且必须格式化成功才能成功启动 -
启动集群,进入目录
cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.4/sbin
,执行启动:
./start-dfs.sh
./start-yarn.sh
./mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver
- 使用jps,查看进程,验证是否正常启动Hadoop集群
[root@master sbin]# jps
1765 NameNode
1929 SecondaryNameNode
2378 JobHistoryServer
2412 Jps
2077 ResourceManager
[root@slave1 ~]# jps
1844 Jps
1612 DataNode
1711 NodeManager
- 关闭防火墙(在所有节点执行):
service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off
- 在Windows下C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts添加IP映射
192.168.128.130 master master.centos.com
192.168.128.131 slave1 slave1.centos.com
192.168.128.132 slave2 slave2.centos.com
192.168.128.133 slave3 slave3.centos.com
- 浏览器查看:
http://master:50070
http://master:8088