C/C++：具有全局特性的特殊类型

1、enum 枚举类型

enum string {
	x1,           //0     //全局宏常量
	x2,           //1
	x3 = 10,      //10
	x4,           //11
	x5,           //12
} x;              //0     //全局变量

int main()
{
	cout << x << endl;
	cout << x1 << endl;
	cout << x2 << endl;
	cout << x3 << endl;
	cout << x4 << endl;
	cout << x5 << endl;
	return 0;
}

2、namespace 命名空间

namespace color {
	int red;
	int blue;
};

namespace {        //匿名命名空间
	int x;         //相当于 static int x;
	int y;
};

int main()
{
	cout << color::red << endl;
	cout << color::blue << endl;
	cout << ::x << endl;
	cout << y << endl;
	return 0;
}