Numpy组队学习第三次打卡

9 数组操作

9.1更改形状

numpy.ndarray.shape

表示数组的维度，返回一个元组，这个元组的长度就是维度的数目，即 ndim 属性(秩)。

import numpy as np 
x = np.array([1, 2, 9, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
print(x.shape) 
# (8,) 
x.shape = [2, 4] 
print(x) 
# [[1 2 9 4] 
# [5 6 7 8]]

numpy.ndarray.flat

将数组转换为一维的迭代器，可以用for访问数组每一个元素。

import numpy as np 
x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15], 
[16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
[21, 22, 23, 24, 25], 
[26, 27, 28, 29, 30], 
[31, 32, 33, 34, 35]]) 
y = x.flat 
print(y) 
# <numpy.flatiter object at 0x0000020F9BA10C60> 
for i in y: 
	print(i, end=' ') 
# 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

y[3] = 0 
print(end='\n') 
print(x) 
# [[11 12 13 0 15] 
# [16 17 18 19 20] 
# [21 22 23 24 25] 
# [26 27 28 29 30] 
# [31 32 33 34 35]]

numpy.ndarray.flatten([order=‘C’])

将数组的副本转换为一维数组，并返回。
order：‘C’ – 按行，‘F’ – 按列，‘A’ – 原顺序，‘k’ – 元素在内存中的出现顺序。(简记)

import numpy as np 
x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15], 
[16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
[21, 22, 23, 24, 25], 
[26, 27, 28, 29, 30], 
[31, 32, 33, 34, 35]]) 
y = x.flatten() 
print(y) 
# [11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 
# 35] 

y[3] = 0 
print(x) 
# [[11 12 13 14 15] 
# [16 17 18 19 20] 
# [21 22 23 24 25] 
# [26 27 28 29 30] 
# [31 32 33 34 35]]

9.2 数组

numpy.ndarray.T self.transpose()

9.3 更改维度

numpy.newaxis = None

None 的别名，对索引数组很有用。

numpy.squeeze(a, axis=None)

从数组的形状中删除单维度条目，即把shape中为1的维度去掉。
a. a 表示输入的数组；
b. axis 用于指定需要删除的维度，但是指定的维度必须为单维度，否则将会报错；

import numpy as np 
x = np.arange(10) 
print(x.shape) 
# (10,) 

x = x[np.newaxis, :] 
print(x.shape) 
# (1, 10) 

y = np.squeeze(x) 
print(y.shape) 
# (10,)

9.4 数组组合

numpy.concatenate((a1, a2, …), axis=0, out=None)

import numpy as np 
x = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) 
y = np.array([[7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12]]) 
z = np.concatenate([x, y]) 
print(z) 
# [[ 1 2 3] 
# [ 4 5 6] 
# [ 7 8 9] 
# [10 11 12]] 
z = np.concatenate([x, y], axis=0) 
print(z)
# [[ 1 2 3] 
# [ 4 5 6]
# [ 7 8 9] 
# [10 11 12]]
z = np.concatenate([x, y], axis=1) 
print(z) 
# [[ 1 2 3 7 8 9] 
# [ 4 5 6 10 11 12]]

numpy.stack(arrays, axis=0, out=None) numpy.vstack(tup) numpy.hstack(tup)

import numpy as np 
x = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) 
y = np.array([[7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12]]) 
z = np.stack([x, y]) 
print(z.shape) 
# (2, 2, 3) print(z) 
# [[[ 1 2 3] # [ 4 5 6]] 
#
# [[ 7 8 9] 
# [10 11 12]]] 
z = np.stack([x, y], axis=1) 
print(z.shape) 
# (2, 2, 3) print(z) 
# [[[ 1 2 3] 
# [ 7 8 9]] 
#
# [[ 4 5 6] 
# [10 11 12]]] 
z = np.stack([x, y], axis=2) print(z.shape) 
# (2, 3, 2) print(z) 
# [[[ 1 7] 
# [ 2 8] 
# [ 3 9]] 
#
# [[ 4 10] 
# [ 5 11] 
# [ 6 12]]]

9.5 数组拆分

numpy.split(ary, indices_or_sections, axis=0)

import numpy as np 
x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14], 
[16, 17, 18, 19], 
[21, 22, 23, 24]]) 
y = np.split(x, [1, 3]) 
print(y) 
# [array([[11, 12, 13, 14]]), array([[16, 17, 18, 19], 
# [21, 22, 23, 24]]), array([], shape=(0, 4), dtype=int32)]
y = np.split(x, [1, 3], axis=1) 
print(y) 
# [array([[11], 
# [16], 
# [21]]), array([[12, 13], 
# [17, 18], 
# [22, 23]]), array([[14], 
# [19], 
# [24]])]

9.6 数组平铺

numpy.tile(A, reps)

numpy.repeat(a, repeats, axis=None)

9.7 添加和删除元素

numpy.unique(ar, return_index=False, return_inverse=False,return_counts=False, axis=None)