python 数据处理文件

 本文章主要介绍处理.txt文件、.csv文件、.xlsx等文件的基础使用

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1、处理 .txt 文件

使用numpy处理.txt文件，读取txt文件中的数据，并通过matplotlib进行显示

程序代码如下

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] =['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

xdatamax=10  #设置X轴的最大值
xdatamin=0   #设置X轴的最小值

ydatamax=50  #设置Y轴的最大值
ydatamin=0   #设置Y轴的最小值

data = np.loadtxt('data.txt')

plt.figure()
plt.title(u"表格标题")
plt.xlabel('X轴代表')
plt.ylabel('Y轴代表')
plt.xlim(xmax=xdatamax,xmin=xdatamin)
plt.ylim(ymax=ydatamax,ymin=ydatamin)
n = len(data)-1  #得出txt
L1,= plt.plot(data[:,0],data[:,1]) #画出线性图 坐标点之间根据顺序连接成一条线
L2,= plt.plot(data[:,0],data[:,2]) #画出线性图 坐标点之间根据顺序连接成一条线
L3,= plt.plot(data[:,0],data[:,3]) #画出线性图 坐标点之间根据顺序连接成一条线
L4,= plt.plot(data[:,0],data[:,4]) #画出线性图 坐标点之间根据顺序连接成一条线
L5,= plt.plot(data[:,0],data[:,5]) #画出线性图 坐标点之间根据顺序连接成一条线
plt.axhline(y=1, color='g', linestyle='--')    #水平虚线
plt.axhline(y=35, color='r', linestyle='-')    #水平实线

plt.legend([L1,L2,L3,L4,L5],['1','2','3','4','5'],loc='upper right')  #画出标识线

plt.show()

data.txt文件如下

1	1	2	3	4	5
2	6	7	8	9	10
3	11	12	13	14	15
4	16	17	18	19	20
5	21	22	23	24	25
6	26	27	28	29	30
7	31	32	33	34	35
8	36	37	38	39	40

运行结果如下：

 

2、处理.csv文件

使用csv库处理.csv文件，读取csv文件中的数据，并通过tkinter进行显示

程序代码如下：

import serial
import math
import csv
from socket import *
import time
import xlrd
import numpy as np
from tkinter import *

csvname ="data.csv"

num=0
test=0  #得到csv第几行的数据
with open(csvname,"r") as f:
    csvhandle = csv.reader(f)
    for row in csvhandle:

        data_num=row[0]
        time = row[1]
        time_time = row[2]
        device = row[3]
        signal = row[4]
        hrmdata = row[5]
        step = row[6]
        body_temp = row[7]
        enir_temp = row[8]

        if num==test:

            #*************窗体形式显示*************#
            root = Tk()
            root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
            root.title("效果展示")
            root.geometry('240x240')
            dtxt = Label(root, text='设备号：', fg='red')
            dtxt.grid(column=1, row=1)  # row 表示行，colum表示列
            dred = Label(root, text=("%s" %device), fg='black')
            dred.grid(column=2, row=1)

            xdia = Label(root, text='信号值：', fg='green')
            xdia.grid(column=1, row=2)
            xdib = Label(root, text=("%s" %signal), fg='green')
            xdib.grid(column=2, row=2)

            skia = Label(root, text='步数：', fg='red')
            skia.grid(column=1, row=3)
            skib = Label(root, text=("%s" % step), fg='black')
            skib.grid(column=2, row=3)
            skic = Label(root, text='步', fg='red')
            skic.grid(column=3, row=3)

            hkia = Label(root, text='心率：', fg='red')
            hkia.grid(column=1, row=4)
            hkib = Label(root, text=("%s" %hrmdata), fg='black')
            hkib.grid(column=2, row=4)
            hkic = Label(root, text='每分钟', fg='red')
            hkic.grid(column=3, row=4)

            ltia = Label(root, text='体温:', fg='green')
            ltia.grid(column=1, row=5)
            ltib = Label(root, text=("%s" %body_temp), fg='blue')
            ltib.grid(column=2, row=5)
            ltic = Label(root, text='摄氏度', fg='blue')
            ltic.grid(column=3, row=5)

            lhia = Label(root, text='环境温度：', fg='red')
            lhia.grid(column=1, row=6)
            lhib = Label(root, text=("%s" % enir_temp), fg='red')
            lhib.grid(column=2, row=6)
            lhic = Label(root, text='摄氏度', fg='blue')
            lhic.grid(column=3,row=6)

            timea = Label(root, text='时间戳：', fg='red')
            timea.grid(column=1, row=7)
            timeb = Label(root, text=("%s %s" %(time,time_time)), fg='red')
            timeb.grid(column=2, row=7)


        root.mainloop()  # 窗体显示

data.csv文件如下

1,2021/8/6,16:36:26,01XY,-53,101,24422,36.2,23.3,
2,2021/8/6,16:36:26,01XY,-54,101,24422,36.5,23.3,
3,2021/8/6,16:36:26,01XY,-54,101,24422,36.2,23.3,
4,42021/8/6,16:36:26,01XY,-54,100,24422,36.4,23.4,
5,2021/8/6,16:36:26,01XY,-54,100,24422,36.2,23.3,
6,2021/8/6,16:36:27,01XY,-54,100,24422,36.3,23.3,
7,2021/8/6,16:36:27,01XY,-54,100,24422,36.2,23.2,
8,2021/8/6,16:36:27,01XY,-54,100,24422,36.3,23.3,
9,2021/8/6,16:36:27,01XY,-55,101,24423,36.2,23.3,
10,2021/8/6,16:36:27,01XY,-56,101,24423,36.5,23.3,
11,2021/8/6,16:36:28,01XY,-53,101,24423,36.2,23.3,
12,2021/8/6,16:36:28,01XY,-54,101,24424,36.2,23.1,
13,2021/8/6,16:36:28,01XY,-55,101,24424,36.2,23.3,
14,2021/8/6,16:36:28,01XY,-58,102,24425,36.2,23.3,
15,2021/8/6,16:36:28,01XY,-58,102,24425,36.2,23.2,
16,2021/8/6,16:36:29,01XY,-56,102,24425,36.6,23.3,
17,2021/8/6,16:36:29,01XY,-56,102,24425,36.2,23.3,
18,2021/8/6,16:36:29,01XY,-56,102,24425,36.7,23.4,
19,2021/8/6,16:36:29,01XY,-56,103,24425,36.2,23.3,
20,2021/8/6,16:36:29,01XY,-56,103,24425,36.2,23.6,
21,2021/8/6,16:36:30,01XY,-61,103,24425,36.2,23.3,
22,2021/8/6,16:36:30,01XY,-62,103,24425,36.2,23.3,
23,2021/8/6,16:36:30,01XY,-61,103,24426,36.3,23.4,
24,2021/8/6,16:36:30,01XY,-59,103,24426,36.4,23.3,

运行效果如下：

 

3、处理.xlsx文件

使用xlrd库处理.xlsx文件，读取xlsx文件中的数据，存储在列表中

程序代码如下：

import xlrd

dt = xlrd.open_workbook('data.xlsx')  #读取本目录下的data.xlsx
sheet = dt.sheet_by_name('data1') #读取data.xlsx下的data1表

signal = []  #存储信号值
number = []  #存储次序值
hrmdata = [] #存储心率值
stepdata = [] #存储步数值
bodytemp = [] #存储个人体温值
enirtemp = [] #存储环境温度值

for num in range (sheet.nrows):
    root = sheet.row_values(num)

    #次序值
    number_data = int(root[0])
    number.append(number_data)

    #信号值
    signal_data = int(root[4])
    signal.append(signal_data)

    #心率值
    hrmdata_data = int(root[5])
    hrmdata.append(hrmdata_data)

    #步数值
    stepdata_data = int(root[6])
    stepdata.append(stepdata_data)

    #体温值
    bodytemp_data = float(root[7])
    bodytemp.append(bodytemp_data)

    #环境温度
    enirtemp_data = float(root[8])
    enirtemp.append(enirtemp_data)
print(number)
print(signal)
print(hrmdata)
print(stepdata)
print(bodytemp)
print(enirtemp)

data.xlsx文件如下：

 运行结果如下：