Linux挂载大于2T的磁盘

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前言

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41607523/article/details/131470538?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
上次文章叙述了对于一块新挂的磁盘进行分区挂载，但其中有一个特殊情况，就是当新挂的磁盘大于2T的时候只有GPT才支持大于2T的分区

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一、fdisk命令执行结果

[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# lsblk
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot
└─sda2          8:2    0 199.5G  0 part 
  ├─rhel-root 253:0    0   192G  0 lvm  /
  └─rhel-swap 253:1    0   7.5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb             8:16   0     4T  0 disk 
sr0            11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x61964bf9.

WARNING: The size of this disk is 4.4 TB (4398046511104 bytes).
DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes
larger than (2199023255040 bytes) for 512-byte sectors. Use parted(1) and GUID 
partition table format (GPT).


Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-4294967295, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-4294967294, default 4294967294): 
Using default value 4294967294
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 TiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# lsblk
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot
└─sda2          8:2    0 199.5G  0 part 
  ├─rhel-root 253:0    0   192G  0 lvm  /
  └─rhel-swap 253:1    0   7.5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb             8:16   0     4T  0 disk 
└─sdb1          8:17   0     2T  0 part 
sr0            11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize    VFree
  rhel   1   2   0 wz--n- <199.50g    0 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 

如上所示，使用fdisk命令分区完成后，sdb1只有2T大小，不满足我们分区要求。

二、删除分区重新分区

[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: The size of this disk is 4.4 TB (4398046511104 bytes).
DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes
larger than (2199023255040 bytes) for 512-byte sectors. Use parted(1) and GUID 
partition table format (GPT).

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# lsblk
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot
└─sda2          8:2    0 199.5G  0 part 
  ├─rhel-root 253:0    0   192G  0 lvm  /
  └─rhel-swap 253:1    0   7.5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb             8:16   0     4T  0 disk 
sr0            11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 

3、parted分区

[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p                                                                
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 4398GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start  End  Size  Type  File system  Flags

(parted)                                                                  
(parted) mklabel gpt
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes                                                               
(parted)                                                                  
(parted)                                                                  
(parted) p                                                                
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 4398GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags

(parted)                                                                  
(parted)                                                                  
(parted) mkpart primary 0% 100%
(parted)                                                                  
(parted) p                                                                
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 4398GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags
 1      1049kB  4398GB  4398GB               primary

(parted) q                                                                
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]#                                                  
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# lsblk
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot
└─sda2          8:2    0 199.5G  0 part 
  ├─rhel-root 253:0    0   192G  0 lvm  /
  └─rhel-swap 253:1    0   7.5G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb             8:16   0     4T  0 disk 
└─sdb1          8:17   0     4T  0 part 
sr0            11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 

4、完成格式化并挂载目录

[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# mkfs.ext4 -T largefile /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
4194304 inodes, 1073741312 blocks
53687065 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=3221225472
32768 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
128 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
	102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:            
done

[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# mkdir /u01
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01/
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                32G     0   32G   0% /dev
tmpfs                   32G     0   32G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   32G   13M   32G   1% /run
tmpfs                   32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root  192G  5.8G  187G   3% /
/dev/sda1              509M  164M  346M  33% /boot
tmpfs                  6.3G   24K  6.3G   1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1              4.0T   89M  3.8T   1% /u01
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Jun 27 20:33:57 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=5ae9a26f-dcc5-4463-85cd-1b4e90ef2313 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# 
[root@XXJSB-NHRCS-05 ~]# vi /etc/fstab