python3中的zip函数
zip函数接受任意多个可迭代对象作为参数,将对象中对应的元素打包成一个tuple,然后返回一个可迭代的zip对象。
用两个列表生成一个zip对象:
>>> a1=[1,2,3]
>>> a2=[4,5,6]
>>> a4=["a","b","c","d"]
>>> zip1=zip(a1,a2a3)
>>> print(zip1)
<zip object at 0x7f5a22651c08>
>>> print(list(zip1))
[(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8)]
>>> zip2=zip(a1,a2,a4)
>>> print(list(zip2)
[(1, 4, 'a'), (2, 5, 'b'), (3, 6, 'c')]
>>> zip3=zip(a4)
>>> print(list(zip3))
[('a',), ('b',), ('c',), ('d',)]
利用* 号操作符,可以将元组解压为列表。
>>> a = [2, 2, 2]
>>> b = [1, 1, 1]
>>> print( list( zip(a, b) ) ) #打包
[(2, 1), (2, 1), (2, 1)]
>>> print( list( zip(*zip(a, b)) ) ) #解压
[(2, 2, 2), (1, 1, 1)]
二维矩阵变换(矩阵的行列互换)
>>> L=[[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
>>> print([[j[i] for j in L] for i in range(len(L[0]))])
[[1, 4, 7], [2, 5, 8], [3, 6, 9]]
>>> zip(*L)
<zip object at 0x7f5a22651f88>
>>> print(list(zip(*L)))
[(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]
注意:Python中,zip(*info) 即 zip(*[[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8]]) 相当于 zip([1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8])