2019.2.2
题目描述:
Given two integers dividend
and divisor
, divide two integers without using multiplication, division and mod operator.
Return the quotient after dividing dividend
by divisor
.
The integer division should truncate toward zero.
Example 1:
Input: dividend = 10, divisor = 3 Output: 3
Example 2:
Input: dividend = 7, divisor = -3 Output: -2
Note:
- Both dividend and divisor will be 32-bit signed integers.
- The divisor will never be 0.
- Assume we are dealing with an environment which could only store integers within the 32-bit signed integer range: [−2^31, 2^31 − 1]. For the purpose of this problem, assume that your function returns 2^31 − 1 when the division result overflows.
就是自己设计除法算法。。这题我感觉有点难,我想了半天没有思路,甚至想用汇编二进制移位相除法,但是这种还有有一大堆补码的问题,感觉特别麻烦,不像是Medium题,所以直接去参考了博客和讨论,然而看完发现,其实差不多就是这种做法-。。
参考博客:http://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/4431949.html,以防有懒癌同学,所以下面我把思路贴出来。
解法一:
考虑用位操作Bit Operation,思路是,如果被除数大于或等于除数,则进行如下循环,定义变量t等于除数,定义计数p,当t的两倍小于等于被除数时,进行如下循环,t扩大一倍,p扩大一倍,然后更新res和m。因为输入的都是int型,比如被除数是-2147483648,在int范围内,当除数是-1时,结果就超出了int范围,需要返回INT_MAX,所以对于这种情况我们就在开始用if判定,将其和除数为0的情况放一起判定,返回INT_MAX。然后我们还要根据被除数和除数的正负来确定返回值的正负,这里我们采用长整型long来完成所有的计算,最后返回值乘以符号即可
C++代码:
class Solution {
public:
int divide(int dividend, int divisor) {
if (divisor == 0 || (dividend == INT_MIN && divisor == -1)) return INT_MAX;
long long m = abs((long long)dividend), n = abs((long long)divisor), res = 0;
int sign = ((dividend < 0) ^ (divisor < 0)) ? -1 : 1;
if (n == 1) return sign == 1 ? m : -m;
while (m >= n) {
long long t = n, p = 1;
while (m >= (t << 1)) {
t <<= 1;
p <<= 1;
}
res += p;
m -= t;
}
return sign == 1 ? res : -res;
}
};
C++简洁代码版:
class Solution {
public:
int divide(int dividend, int divisor) {
long long m = abs((long long)dividend), n = abs((long long)divisor), res = 0;
if (m < n) return 0;
while (m >= n) {
long long t = n, p = 1;
while (m > (t << 1)) {
t <<= 1;
p <<= 1;
}
res += p;
m -= t;
}
if ((dividend < 0) ^ (divisor < 0)) res = -res;
return res > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : res;
}
};
解法二:递归
思路一样
C++代码:
class Solution {
public:
int divide(int dividend, int divisor) {
long long res = 0;
long long m = abs((long long)dividend), n = abs((long long)divisor);
if (m < n) return 0;
long long t = n, p = 1;
while (m > (t << 1)) {
t <<= 1;
p <<= 1;
}
res += p + divide(m - t, n);
if ((dividend < 0) ^ (divisor < 0)) res = -res;
return res > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : res;
}
};