AVIO内存输⼊模式

/**
 * Allocate and initialize an AVIOContext for buffered I/O. It must be later
 * freed with avio_context_free().
 *
 * @param buffer Memory block for input/output operations via AVIOContext.
 *        The buffer must be allocated with av_malloc() and friends.
 *        It may be freed and replaced with a new buffer by libavformat.
 *        AVIOContext.buffer holds the buffer currently in use,
 *        which must be later freed with av_free().
 * @param buffer_size The buffer size is very important for performance.
 *        For protocols with fixed blocksize it should be set to this blocksize.
 *        For others a typical size is a cache page, e.g. 4kb.
 * @param write_flag Set to 1 if the buffer should be writable, 0 otherwise.
 * @param opaque An opaque pointer to user-specific data.
 * @param read_packet  A function for refilling the buffer, may be NULL.
 *                     For stream protocols, must never return 0 but rather
 *                     a proper AVERROR code.
 * @param write_packet A function for writing the buffer contents, may be NULL.
 *        The function may not change the input buffers content.
 * @param seek A function for seeking to specified byte position, may be NULL.
 *
 * @return Allocated AVIOContext or NULL on failure.
 */
AVIOContext *avio_alloc_context(
                  unsigned char *buffer,
                  int buffer_size,
                  int write_flag,
                  void *opaque,
                  int (*read_packet)(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size),
                  int (*write_packet)(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size),
                  int64_t (*seek)(void *opaque, int64_t offset, int whence));

• opaque是 read_packet / write_packet 的第⼀个参数，指向⽤户数据。

• buffer和buffer_size是 read_packet / write_packet 的第⼆个和第三个参数，是供FFmpeg使⽤ 的数据区。
  buffer ⽤作FFmpeg输⼊时，由⽤户负责向 buffer 中填充数据，FFmpeg取⾛数据。
  buffer ⽤作FFmpeg输出时，由FFmpeg负责向 buffer 中填充数据，⽤户取⾛数据。

• write_flag是缓冲区读写标志，读写的主语是指FFmpeg。
  write_flag 为1时， buffer ⽤于写，即作为FFmpeg输出。
  write_flag 为0时， buffer ⽤于读，即作为FFmpeg输⼊。

• read_packet和write_packet是函数指针，指向⽤户编写的回调函数。

• seek也是函数指针，需要⽀持seek时使⽤。 可以类⽐fseek的机制