spring boot 邮箱验证总结

一、导入必要的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、连接 rabbit mq

1)创建一个docker 容器

docker run -di  --name htb_rabbit -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=xxx -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=xxx -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 -p 25672:25672 -p 61613:61613 -p 1883:1883 rabbitmq:management

命令解释：上述的命令创建了一个 rabbitmq 容器
-d 后台运行的守护容器
-i 启动容器
–name 容器的名称
-e 设置容器的环境变量
用户名
密码
-p 映射一些端口给rabbit mq 使用

前面是 暴露的外部宿主机的端口，后面是容器内部使用的端口，一般保持一致即可
rabbitmq:management
镜像名称

2）打开rabbit mq 的可视化界面

选择 15672 端口
宿主机的IP+ 端口号
http://192.168.xxx.xxx:15672/
输入刚刚配置的用户名和密码，即可登录

三、构建java代码环境

0）rabbit mq 的配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    port: 5672
    username: admin
    password: admin
    host: 192.168.xxx.xxx
    
 mail:
  username: 邮箱地址
  password: 授权码，可以百度
  host: smtp.xxx.com
  default-encoding: UTF-8
  jndi-name: mail/Session

授权码参考
https://www.jianshu.com/p/59d15b357201

1）写一个配置类，用于构建 rabbit mq 的队列和交换器的绑定关系(可以通过操作界面绑定)

package com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Description:初始化rabbitmq邮箱队列和交换器的配置类
 * @Author 16221
 * @Date 2020/5/8
 **/
@Configuration
public class MsgConfig {

    /**
     * 创建对列
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue emailQueue() {
        return new Queue("emailQueue");
    }

    /**
     * 创建交换器
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
        return new FanoutExchange("emailFanoutExchange");
    }

    /**
     * 创建绑定关系
     * @param queue
     * @param fanoutExchange
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding binding(Queue queue, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(fanoutExchange);
    }


}

2）创建一个rabbit mq的监听类，用于监听，队列的变化

package com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.msg;

import com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.entity.User;
import com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.utils.SendEmailUtil;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author 16221
 * @Date 2020/5/8
 **/
@Component
public class MsgListener {

    @Resource
    private SendEmailUtil sendEmailUtil;

    @RabbitListener(queues = "emailQueue")
    public void getSendMsg(User user) {

        String content = "<h3>您正在注册天珩的网站</h3>\n" +
                "\t\t<h3>您注册的id是 " + user.getId() + "</h3>\n" +
                "\t\t<h3>您注册的邮箱是 " + user.getEmail() + "</h3>\n" +
                "\t\t<h3>请点击下方的连接激活邮箱</h3>\n" +
                "<a href=\"http://localhost:8080/activeEmail?id=" + user.getId() + "\"" + ">激活邮箱</a>";

        sendEmailUtil.sendHtmlMail(user.getEmail(), "注册", content);


        System.out.println("RabbitListener  " + user.toString());


    }


}

@RabbitListener(queues = “emailQueue”)

1-这个注解表示监听的是 emailQueue 队列的变化，消费队列里面的消息

本类的逻辑是 监听的是 emailQueue 队列的变化，消费队列里面的消息，在监听到变化时候，说明有新的消息进入，需要消费消息，发送注册邮件

    sendEmailUtil.sendHtmlMail(user.getEmail(), "注册", content);

2-发送邮件的工具类，相对固定的代码

参考文章
https://www.jianshu.com/p/59d15b357201

package com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.utils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessagingException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author 16221
 * @Date 2020/5/8
 **/
@Component
public class SendEmailUtil {

    /**
     * 使用@Value注入application.properties中指定的用户名
     */
    @Resource
    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;

    @Resource
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;


    /**
     * 发送支持html格式的邮件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     */
    public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {

        //使用MimeMessage，MIME协议
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;
        //MimeMessageHelper帮助我们设置更丰富的内容
        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            //true代表支持html
            helper.setText(content, true);
            mailSender.send(message);
            System.out.println("发送HTML邮件成功");
        } catch (javax.mail.MessagingException e) {
            System.out.println("发送HTML邮件失败：" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }


    /**
     * 发送简单的文本格式的邮件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     */
    public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {

        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        //收信人
        message.setTo(to);
        //主题
        message.setSubject(subject);
        //内容
        message.setText(content);
        //发信人
        message.setFrom(from);

        mailSender.send(message);
    }


    /**
     * 发送带附件的邮件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param filePath
     */
    public void sendAttachmentMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {

        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;

        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            //true代表支持多组件，如附件，图片等
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
            String fileName = file.getFilename();
            //添加附件，可多次调用该方法添加多个附件
            helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
            mailSender.send(message);
            System.out.println("发送带附件邮件成功");
        } catch (javax.mail.MessagingException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }


    }


    /**
     * 发送带图片的邮件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param rscPath
     * @param rscId
     */
    public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) {

        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;

        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
            //重复使用添加多个图片
            helper.addInline(rscId, res);
            mailSender.send(message);
            System.out.println("发送带图片邮件成功");

        } catch (javax.mail.MessagingException ex) {
            System.out.println("发送带图片邮件失败  " + ex);
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

3- 给rabbit mq 的队列发送消息

rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(“emailFanoutExchange”,"",user);
接收到消息之后，就会异步的去发送邮件，这个是service层的部分的代码

成功之后，yml 配置的邮箱 可以接收到对应的邮件