用matplotlib设置标题、轴标签、刻度标签以及添加图例

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax.plot(np.random.randn(1000).cumsum())
x_ticks=ax.set_xticks([0,250,500,750,1000])
x_labels=ax.set_xticklabels(["one","two","three","four","five"],rotation=30,fontsize="small")
y_ticks=ax.set_yticks([-80,-60,-40,-20,0])
y_labels=ax.set_yticklabels(["one","two","three","four","five"])
ax.set_title("my first matplotlib plot")
ax.set_xlabel("stages")
ax.set_ylabel("years")
plt.show()

#添加图例

fig=plt.figure()
ax1=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax1.plot(np.random.randn(1000).cumsum(),"k",label="one")
ax1.plot(np.random.randn(1000).cumsum(),"k--",label="two")
ax1.plot(np.random.randn(1000).cumsum(),"k.",label="three")
ax1.legend(loc="best")#ax.legend()或者plt.legend()
plt.show()

#显示中文

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SeiHei']#指定黑体

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False#解决保存图像是负号‘-’显示为方框的问题