华南师大18级计算机学院专硕上机题

一、 a到z的字母用ASCII码表示，显示出来

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
	for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++) {
		cout << c << ":" << (int)c<<endl;
	}
}

二、 求一元二次方程的根

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main() {
	double a, b, c;
	cin >> a >> b >> c;
	double s = b * b - 4 * a * c;
	if (s > 0) {
		double x1 = (-b + sqrt(s)) / (2 * a);
		double x2 = (-b - sqrt(s)) / (2 * a);
		cout << "x1:" << x1 << endl;
		cout << "x2:" << x2 << endl;
	}
	else if (s == 0) {
		double x = (-b) / (2 * a);
		cout << "x:" << x << endl;
	}
	else {
		double x1 = (-b) / (2 * a);
		double x2 = (sqrt(-s)) / (2 * a);
		cout << "x1:" << x1 << "+"<<x2 << "i" << endl;
		cout << "x2:" << x1 << "-" << x2 << "i"<<endl;
	}
}

三、 写一个函数，从小到大排序一个数组

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//冒泡排序
void bubbleSort(int num[],int n) {
	for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {
			if (num[j] > num[j + 1]) {
				int temp = num[j + 1];
				num[j + 1] = num[j];
				num[j] = temp;
			}
		}
	}
}

int main() {
	int num[10] = { 98,64,35,29,8,3,54,22,48,96 };
	bubbleSort(num,10);
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
		cout << num[i] << " ";
	}
}

四、 写一个异常处理 以c=a/b为例

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

double division(double a, double b) {
	if (b == 0) {
		throw "error";		//抛出异常
	}
	else {
		return a / b;
	}
}

int main() {
	double a, b;
	cin >> a >> b;
	try
	{
		double answer = division(a,b);
		cout << "a/b=" << answer << endl;
	}
	catch (const char * msg)		//这里必须添加const
	{
		cout << msg;
	}
	return 0;
}

五、 打印9*9乘法表

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

void print() {
	for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
		for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
			cout << setw(5) << i << "*" << j << "=" << i * j;
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
}

int main() {
	print();
	return 0;
}

六、 写一个递归函数，打印出斐波那契数列

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

//F(0) = 0，F(1) = 1, F(n) = F(n - 1) + F(n - 2)

int cal(int n) {
	if (n == 0) {
		return 0;
	}
	else if (n == 1) {
		return 1;
	}
	else {
		return cal(n - 1) + cal(n - 2);
	}
}

int main() {
	int count = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
		int answer = cal(i);
		cout << setw(5) << answer;
		count++;
		if (count % 5 == 0) {
			cout << endl;
		}
	}
}

七、 新建一个关于学生的类或结构体，包含学号，姓名，语文，数学，英语成绩；并输入一个整数n，然后分别输入各学生数据

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Student {
private:
	string sno;
	string sname;
	double chineseScore;
	double  mathScore;
	double englishScore;
public:
	Student();		//这里必须有无参构造函数，否则无法动态创建数组对象
	Student(string sno, string sname, double c, double m, double e);
	void display();
	void setSno() {		//必须有set方法
		cin >> sno;
	}
	void setSname() {
		cin >> sname;
	}
	void setChineseScore() {
		cin >> chineseScore;
	}
	void setMathScore() {
		cin >> mathScore;
	}
	void setEnglishScore() {
		cin >> englishScore;
	}
};

Student::Student() {}

Student::Student(string sno, string sname, double c, double m, double e) {
	this->sno = sno;
	this->sname = sname;
	chineseScore = c;
	mathScore = m;
	englishScore = e;
}
void Student::display() {
	cout << "sno:" << sno << endl;
	cout << "sname:" << sname << endl;
	cout << "chineseScore" << chineseScore << endl;
	cout << "mathScore" << mathScore << endl;
	cout << "englishScore" << englishScore << endl;
}

int main() {
	int n;
	cout << "请输入n:";
	cin >> n;
	Student * stu = new Student[n];		//只有动态分配才能使用非常量n创建数组
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个学生的信息:";
		stu[i].setSno();
		stu[i].setSname();
		stu[i].setChineseScore();
		stu[i].setMathScore();
		stu[i].setEnglishScore();
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		stu[i].display();
		cout << endl;
	}
}

八、 运用第7题的类，要求写三个函数。（均用二进制输入输出）

（1）把多个学生信息存到一个文件中
（2）从一个文件中提取所有学生信息，并打印
（3）从一个文件中复制所有学生信息，复制到另外一个文件。

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

class Student {
private:
	string sno;
	string sname;
	double chineseScore;
	double  mathScore;
	double englishScore;
public:
	Student();		//这里必须有无参构造函数，否则无法动态创建数组对象
	Student(string sno, string sname, double c, double m, double e);
	void display();
	void setSno() {		//必须有set方法
		cin >> sno;
	}
	void setSname() {
		cin >> sname;
	}
	void setChineseScore() {
		cin >> chineseScore;
	}
	void setMathScore() {
		cin >> mathScore;
	}
	void setEnglishScore() {
		cin >> englishScore;
	}
};

Student::Student() {}

Student::Student(string sno, string sname, double c, double m, double e) {
	this->sno = sno;
	this->sname = sname;
	chineseScore = c;
	mathScore = m;
	englishScore = e;
}
void Student::display() {
	cout << "sno:" << sno << endl;
	cout << "sname:" << sname << endl;
	cout << "chineseScore" << chineseScore << endl;
	cout << "mathScore" << mathScore << endl;
	cout << "englishScore" << englishScore << endl;
}

//存入学生信息
void task1(Student *stu) {
	ofstream output("f1.dat", ios::binary);
	if (!output) {
		cout << "文件打开失败";
		exit(0);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		output.write((char*)&stu[i], sizeof(stu[i]));
	}
	cout << "存入文件成功" << endl;
	output.close();
}

//从文件输出打印学生信息
void task2() {
	ifstream input("f1.dat", ios::binary);
	if (!input) {
		cout << "文件打开失败";
		exit(0);
	}
	Student stu[3];
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		input.read((char*)&stu[i], sizeof(stu[i]));
		stu[i].display();
		cout << endl;
	}
	input.close();
}

//从一个文件复制到另一个文件
void task3() {
	
	ifstream input("f1.dat", ios::binary);
	if (!input) {
		cout << "文件打开失败" << endl;
		exit(0);
	}
	Student stu[3];
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		input.read((char*)&stu[i], sizeof(stu[i]));
	}
	input.close();
	ofstream output("f2.dat", ios::binary);
	if (!output) {
		cout << "文件打开失败" << endl;
		exit(0);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		output.write((char*)&stu[i], sizeof(stu[i]));
	}
	output.close();
	cout << "从一个文件写入另一个文件成功";
}

int main() {
	Student stu[3] = {
		Student("123","张三",15,64,77),
		Student("456","王五",18,32,64),
		Student("789","赵柳",32,64,55)
	};
	task1(stu);
	task2();
	task3();
	return 0;

}