CS5303-Computer Science I(final review III)GUI

最新推荐文章于 2019-09-19 11:20:32 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2019-09-19 11:20:32 发布

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GUI

Fast Light Tool Kit(Full Tick)-FLTK :
is a cross-platform C++ GUI toolkit for UNIX®/Linux® (X11), Microsoft® Windows®, and MacOS®X.

A graphics library is a program library designed to aid in rendering computer graphics to a monitor

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There are current three sets of Java APIs for graphics programming:
AWT (Abstract Windowing Toolkit)
提供了一套与本地图形界面进行交互的接口。
AWT 所提供的图形功能是各种通用型操作系统所提供的图形功能的交集
AWT 是依靠本地方法来实现其功能的，我们通常把AWT控件称为重量级控件
AWT 是基于本地方法的C/C++程序，其运行速度比较快；Swing是基于AWT 的Java程序，其运行速度比较慢

Class hierarchy of the AWT GUI classes
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Swing

在AWT的基础上构建的一套新的图形界面系统，它提供了AWT 所能够提供的所有功能，并且用纯粹的Java代码对AWT 的功能进行了大幅度的扩充。
Class hierarchy of the swing GUI classes(Two picture is the same)
Swing is part of the so-called "Java Foundation Classes (JFC)
Swing component classes (in package javax.swing) begin with a prefix “J”, e.g., JButton, JTextField, JLabel, JPanel, JFrame, or JApplet.

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JavaFX

JavaFX is a software platform for creating and delivering desktop applications, as well as rich Internet applications (RIAs) that can run across a wide variety of devices.
JavaFX is intended to replace Swing as the standard GUI library for Java SE, but both will be included for the foreseeable future.
java的UI库分为三代第一代是awt，第二代是swing，第三代就是javafx，互相之间是替代关系
Sample code in Java:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;


public class HelloJava2
{
	public static void main( String[] args ) {
		
		JFrame frame = new JFrame( "HelloJava2" );
		frame.add( new HelloComponent3("Hello, Java!") );
		frame.setDefaultCloseOperation( JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE );
		frame.setSize( 300, 300 );
		frame.setVisible( true );
	}
}

class HelloComponent3 extends JComponent
	implements MouseMotionListener, ActionListener
{
		String theMessage;
		int messageX = 125, messageY = 95; // Coordinates of the message
		JButton theButton;
		int colorIndex; // Current index into someColors
		static Color[] someColors = {
				
				Color.black, Color.red, Color.green, Color.blue, Color.magenta };
		
	public HelloComponent3( String message ) {
		
		theMessage = message;
		theButton = new JButton("Change Color");
		setLayout( new FlowLayout() );
		add( theButton );
		theButton.addActionListener( this );
		addMouseMotionListener( this );
	}
	
	public void paintComponent( Graphics g ) {
		
		g.drawString( theMessage, messageX, messageY );
		
	}
	
	public void mouseDragged( MouseEvent e ) {
		
		messageX = e.getX();
		messageY = e.getY();
		repaint();
		
	}
	public void mouseMoved( MouseEvent e ) {}
	public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent e ) {
		
		// Did somebody push our button?
		if (e.getSource() == theButton)
		changeColor();
		
	}
	synchronized private void changeColor() {
		// Change the index to the next color, awkwardly.
		if (++colorIndex == someColors.length)
			colorIndex = 0;
		setForeground( currentColor() ); // Use the new color.
		repaint();
	}
	synchronized private Color currentColor() {
	
		return someColors[colorIndex];
	}
}