【实战】OpenCV+Python项目实战--背景建模

1 将连续图片写成视频

import cv2
import os


def getName(x):
    if x < 10:
        strRes = '0000' + str(x)
    elif x < 100:
        strRes = '000' + str(x)
    elif x < 1000:
        strRes = '00' + str(x)
    elif x < 10000:
        strRes = '0' + str(x)
    else:
        strRes = ''
    return strRes


# 图片路径
im_dir = 'pics'
# 输出视频路径
video_dir = 'output.avi'
# 帧率
fps = 30
# 图片数
num = 100
# 图片尺寸
img_size = (250, 322)  # 这个是图片，250代表宽度，不是高度

fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc('M', 'J', 'P', 'G')
video_writer = cv2.VideoWriter(video_dir, fourcc, fps, img_size)

for i in range(num):
    im_name = os.path.join(im_dir, getName(i) + '.jpg')
    print(getName(i))
    frame = cv2.imread(im_name)
    print(frame.shape)
    video_writer.write(frame)
    cv2.imshow('rr', frame)
    cv2.waitKey(20)

video_writer.release()
print('finish')

bug解决：

cv2.error: OpenCV(3.4.1)
C:\projects\opencv-python\opencv\modules\videoio\src\cap_mjpeg_encoder.cpp:468:
error: (-215) imgWidth == frameWidth && imgHeight == frameHeight &&
channels == 3 in function cv::mjpeg::MotionJpegWriter::write

问题所在：输入图片大小不对
video_writer = cv2.VideoWriter(video_dir, fourcc, fps, img_size)
此处的img_size=(w, h)是图片的宽和高，不是矩阵的高和宽

2 背景建模代码实现

import numpy as np
import cv2

# 经典的测试视频
cap = cv2.VideoCapture('test.avi')
# 形态学操作需要使用
kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_ELLIPSE, (3, 3))
# 创建混合高斯模型用于背景建模
fgbg = cv2.createBackgroundSubtractorMOG2()

while True:
    ret, frame = cap.read()
    fgmask = fgbg.apply(frame)
    # 形态学开运算去噪点
    fgmask = cv2.morphologyEx(fgmask, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)
    # 寻找视频中的轮廓
    im, contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(fgmask, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

    for c in contours:
        # 计算各轮廓的周长
        perimeter = cv2.arcLength(c, True)
        if perimeter > 188:
            # 找到一个直矩形（不会旋转）
            x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(c)
            # 画出这个矩形
            cv2.rectangle(frame, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (0, 255, 0), 2)

    cv2.imshow('frame', frame)
    cv2.imshow('fgmask', fgmask)
    k = cv2.waitKey(150) & 0xff
    if k == 27:
        break

cap.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果显示：