LeetCode-48 Rotate Image

Description

You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image.
Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).

Note:
You have to rotate the image in-place, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.

Example

Example 1:
Given input matrix =
[
[1,2,3],
[4,5,6],
[7,8,9]
],
rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
[7,4,1],
[8,5,2],
[9,6,3]
]

Example 2:
Given input matrix =
[
[ 5, 1, 9,11],
[ 2, 4, 8,10],
[13, 3, 6, 7],
[15,14,12,16]
],
rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
[15,13, 2, 5],
[14, 3, 4, 1],
[12, 6, 8, 9],
[16, 7,10,11]
]

Submissions

解题思路是先计算二维矩阵matrix的行列数，再利用嵌套遍历将其中二维矩阵上下翻转，最后延左上到右下的对角线将二维矩阵的元素进行遍历交换翻转。
需要注意的是上下翻转的时候是rows-i-1，而不是rows-i。

实现代码如下：

class Solution:
    def rotate(self, matrix: List[List[int]]) -> None:
        """
        Do not return anything, modify matrix in-place instead.
        """
        row = len(matrix)
        col = len(matrix[0])
        for i in range(int(row/2)):
            for j in range(col):
                matrix[i][j],matrix[row-i-1][j] = matrix[row-i-1][j],matrix[i][j]
        for i in range(row):
            for j in range(i):
                matrix[i][j],matrix[j][i] = matrix[j][i],matrix[i][j]