Tree LEETCODE-100-DAY8

树的专题

	Preorder	Inorder	Postorder	Levelorder
Recursion	DFS	DFS	DFS	DFS
Iteration	Stack	Stack	Stack	Queue

四种遍历模板

	Preorder	Inorder	Postorder	Levelorder
Recursion	DFS	DFS	DFS	Queue
特点	Stack	BST	子模块	Queue

257.Binary Tree Paths

Given a binary tree, return all root-to-leaf paths.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Input:

   1
 /   \
2     3
 \
  5

Output: ["1->2->5", "1->3"]

Explanation: All root-to-leaf paths are: 1->2->5, 1->3

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
//Preorder
//空间复杂度为O(h)
class Solution {
    public List<String> binaryTreePaths(TreeNode root) {
        List<String> res = new ArrayList<>();
        if(root == null) return res;
        helper(res, root, "");
        return res;
    }
    public void helper(List<String> res, TreeNode root, String path) {
        if (root.left == null && root.right == null) {
            res.add(path + root.val);
        }
        if (root.left != null) {
            //path一开始是”“,后来加入了"x->","y->""
            helper(res, root.left, path + root.val + "->");
        }
        if (root.right != null) {
            helper(res, root.right, path + root.val + "->");
        }
    }
}

113.Path Sum II

Given a binary tree and a sum, find all root-to-leaf paths where each path’s sum equals the given sum.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Given the below binary tree and sum = 22,

      5
     / \
    4   8
   /   / \
  11  13  4
 /  \    / \
7    2  5   1

Return:

[
   [5,4,11,2],
   [5,8,4,5]
]

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
//PreOrder
//从上到下遍历，到最后一层截止即可。
class Solution {
    public List<List<Integer>> pathSum(TreeNode root, int sum) {
        List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
        if (root == null) return res;
        helper(res, new ArrayList<>(), root, sum);
        return res;
    }
    public void helper(List<List<Integer>> res, List<Integer> list ,TreeNode root, int sum) {
        if (root == null) return;
        list.add(root.val);
        if (root.left == null && root.right == null) {
            if (sum == root.val) {
                res.add(new ArrayList<>(list));
            }
        }
        helper(res, list, root.left, sum - root.val);
        helper(res, list, root.right, sum - root.val);
        list.remove(list.size() - 1);//删掉叶子节点,如果没有的话，List就会无限向后加，back trackiing
        //然后在helper()执行完毕以后，向上遍历，并返回list.remove()，也就是看父节点的另外一个叶子节点
    } 
}

双PRE

298. Binary Tree Longest Consecutive Sequence（Preorder）(付费题)

找出二叉树中连续的最长序列（不能忽然从子树换到BST的另外一颗子树）

• 要求返回值为连续最长序列的父节点

//当前节点的值是前一个节点的值 + 1
//max:当前整体长度，最后去和res比较
//target:判断下一个数是否等于target
//max = 1走到这里的时候断了
private int res = 0;

public int longestConsecutive(TreeNode root) {
  if (root == null) return 0;
  helper(root, 0, root.val);
  return res;
}

public void helper(TreeNode root, int max, int target) {
  if (root == null) return;
  if (root.val == target) {
    max++;
  } else max = 1;
  res = Math.max(res, max);
  helper(root.left, max, root.val + 1);
  helper(root.right, max, root.val + 1);
}

100.Same Tree

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Given two binary trees, write a function to check if they are the same or not.

Two binary trees are considered the same if they are structurally identical and the nodes have the same value.

Example 1:

Input:     1         1
          / \       / \
         2   3     2   3

        [1,2,3],   [1,2,3]

Output: true

Example 2:

Input:     1         1
          /           \
         2             2

        [1,2],     [1,null,2]

Output: false

Example 3:

Input:     1         1
          / \       / \
         2   1     1   2

        [1,2,1],   [1,1,2]

Output: false

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public boolean isSameTree(TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
        if (p == null && q == null) return true;
        if (p == null || q == null) return false;
        if (p.val != q.val) return false;
        return isSameTree(p.left, q.left) && isSameTree(p.right, q.right);
    }
}

101.Symmetric Tree

Given a binary tree, check whether it is a mirror of itself (ie, symmetric around its center).

For example, this binary tree [1,2,2,3,4,4,3] is symmetric:

    1
   / \
  2   2
 / \ / \
3  4 4  3

But the following [1,2,2,null,3,null,3] is not:

    1
   / \
  2   2
   \   \
   3    3

Follow up: Solve it both recursively and iteratively.

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
//双PRE
class Solution {
    public boolean isSymmetric(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) return true;
        return helper(root.left, root.right);
    }
    public boolean  helper(TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
        if (p == null && q == null) return true;
        if (p == null || q == null) return false;
        if (p.val != q.val) return false;
        //反过来，就变成100题了
        return helper(p.left, q.right) && helper(p.right, q.left);
    }
}

112. Path Sum

Given a binary tree and a sum, determine if the tree has a root-to-leaf path such that adding up all the values along the path equals the given sum.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Given the below binary tree and sum = 22,

      5
     / \
    4   8
   /   / \
  11  13  4
 /  \      \
7    2      1

return true, as there exist a root-to-leaf path 5->4->11->2 which sum is 22.

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public boolean hasPathSum(TreeNode root, int sum) {
        if (root == null) return false;
        if(root.left == null && root.right == null) {
            return root.val == sum;
        }
        //判断sum从root一直减下去的值是否等于那条路径的最终的叶子节点
        //从上到下遍历，到最后一层截止即可。
        return hasPathSum(root.left, sum - root.val) || hasPathSum(root.right, sum - root.val);
    }
}

129. Sum Root to Leaf Numbers

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Given a binary tree containing digits from 0-9 only, each root-to-leaf path could represent a number.

An example is the root-to-leaf path 1->2->3 which represents the number 123.

Find the total sum of all root-to-leaf numbers.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Input: [1,2,3]
    1
   / \
  2   3
Output: 25
Explanation:
The root-to-leaf path 1->2 represents the number 12.
The root-to-leaf path 1->3 represents the number 13.
Therefore, sum = 12 + 13 = 25.

Example 2:

Input: [4,9,0,5,1]
    4
   / \
  9   0
 / \
5   1
Output: 1026
Explanation:
The root-to-leaf path 4->9->5 represents the number 495.
The root-to-leaf path 4->9->1 represents the number 491.
The root-to-leaf path 4->0 represents the number 40.
Therefore, sum = 495 + 491 + 40 = 1026.

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public int sumNumbers(TreeNode root) {
        return helper(root, 0);
    }
    public int helper(TreeNode root, int num) {
        if (root == null) return 0;
        if (root.left == null && root.right == null) {
            return num * 10 + root.val;
        }
        return helper(root.left, num * 10 + root.val) +
                helper(root.right, num * 10 + root.val);
    }
}

111.Minimum Depth of Binary Tree

Given a binary tree, find its minimum depth.

The minimum depth is the number of nodes along the shortest path from the root node down to the nearest leaf node.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

return its minimum depth = 2.

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public int minDepth(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) return 0;
        if (root.left == null || root.right == null) {
            //case:只有一个子树
            return Math.max(minDepth(root.left), minDepth(root.right)) + 1;//+1是因为层数是从下到上数到,最下层的起始层数应该为0
        }
        return Math.min(minDepth(root.left), minDepth(root.right)) + 1;
    }
}

98.Validate Binary Search Tree

Given a binary tree, determine if it is a valid binary search tree (BST).

Assume a BST is defined as follows:

• The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node’s key.
• The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node’s key.
• Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.

Example 1:

    2
   / \
  1   3

Input: [2,1,3]
Output: true

Example 2:

    5
   / \
  1   4
     / \
    3   6

Input: [5,1,4,null,null,3,6]
Output: false
Explanation: The root node's value is 5 but its right child's value is 4.

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public boolean isValidBST(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) return true;
        return helper(root, null, null);
    }
    public static boolean helper(TreeNode root, Integer min, Integer max) {
        if (root == null) return true;
        if (min != null && root.val <= min) return false;
        if (max != null && root.val >= max) return false;
        return helper(root.left, min, root.val) && helper(root.right, root.val, max);
    }
}

513. Find Bottom Left Tree Value

Given a binary tree, find the leftmost value in the last row of the tree.

Example 1:

Input:

    2
   / \
  1   3

Output:
1

Example 2:

Input:

        1
       / \
      2   3
     /   / \
    4   5   6
       /
      7

Output:
7

Note: You may assume the tree (i.e., the given root node) is not NULL.

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    int res = 0;
    int height = 0;//记录当前的高度
    public int findBottomLeftValue(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) return -1;
        helper(root ,1);//1就是depth
        return res;
    }
    public void helper(TreeNode root, int depth) {
        if (root == null) return;
        if (height < depth) {//没找到最下面就继续找
            res = root.val;
            height = depth;
        }
        helper(root.left, depth + 1);
        helper(root.right, depth +1);
    }
}