深拷贝与浅拷贝

深拷贝与浅拷贝

Python

代码：

import copy
a = ['1','2','3','4',['a','b','c']]
# 引用拷贝
b = a
c = copy.copy(a)
d = copy.deepcopy(a)
a.append('5')

代码可视化网站：http://www.pythontutor.com/visualize.html#mode=edit

Java

引用拷贝

代码

public class QuoteCopy {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Teacher teacher = new Teacher("riemann", 28);
        Teacher otherTeacher = teacher;
    }
}

class Teacher {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Teacher(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

浅拷贝

代码：

public class ShallowCopy {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
        teacher.setName("riemann");
        teacher.setAge(28);

        Student student1 = new Student();
        student1.setName("edgar");
        student1.setAge(18);
        student1.setTeacher(teacher);

        Student student2 = (Student) student1.clone();

        System.out.println("-------------修改老师的信息后-------------");
        // 修改老师的信息
        teacher.setName("jack");
    }
}

class Teacher implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

class Student implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Teacher teacher;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Object object = super.clone();
        return object;
    }
}

深拷贝

public class DeepCopy {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
        teacher.setName("riemann");
        teacher.setAge(28);

        Student student1 = new Student();
        student1.setName("edgar");
        student1.setAge(18);
        student1.setTeacher(teacher);

        Student student2 = (Student) student1.clone();

        System.out.println("-------------修改老师的信息后-------------");
        // 修改老师的信息
        teacher.setName("jack");
    }
}

class Teacher implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

class Student implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Teacher teacher;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        // 浅复制时：
        // Object object = super.clone();
        // return object;

        // 改为深复制：
        Student student = (Student) super.clone();
        // 本来是浅复制，现在将Teacher对象复制一份并重新set进来
        student.setTeacher((Teacher) student.getTeacher().clone());
        return student;

    }
}

总结：java 和 python 深浅拷贝概念通用