c++ 多态&虚函数&纯虚函数

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
//多态
//父类（基类）Shape
class Shape {
protected:
	int width, height;
public:
	Shape(int a = 0, int b = 0)
	{
		width = a;
		height = b;
	}
//虚函数 ：在基类中使用关键字virtal声明的函数，在派生类中重新定义 基类 中定义的虚函数时，
//会告诉编译器不要静态链接到该函数
	virtual int area()
	{
		cout << "parent class area :" << endl;
		return 0;
	}
//纯虚函数(这种写法也可以)
	/*
	virtual int area() = 0; //告诉编译器，函数没有主体，上面的虚函数是纯虚函数
	*/
};

//子类 Rectangle
class Rectangle :public Shape {
public:
	Rectangle(int a = 0, int b = 0) :Shape(a, b) {}
    //对基类虚函数area（）的重载	
    int area()
	{
		cout << "Rectangle class area :" << endl;
		return (width * height);
	}
};
//子类 Triangle
class Triangle :public Shape {
public:
	Triangle( int a=0,int b=0):Shape(a,b){ }
	int area()
	{
		cout << "Triangle class area :" << endl;
		return (w