一、实验目的
理解Servlet的工作原理,掌握Servlet的应用开发方法;
掌握常见Servlet ;
二、实验要求
1. 理解Servlet的应用。
2. 掌握Servlet的编程技术。
3. 熟练使用Eclipse开发Servlet应用
(一)用Servlet获取表单数据
accept.java
package servlet; import javax.servlet.ServletConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; @WebServlet(name = "accept") public class accept extends HttpServlet { public String codeToString(String str) {//处理中文字符串的函数 String s=str; try { byte tempB[]=s.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"); s=new String(tempB); return s; } catch(Exception e) { return s; } } public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException { super.init(config); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException { //设置mime response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GB2312"); PrintWriter out=response.getWriter(); out.println("<HTML><head><title>接收新用户注册</title></head><BODY>"); out.println("这是新用户注册所提交的数据:<br>"); out.println("用户名是:"+codeToString(request.getParameter("username"))+"<br>"); out.println("密码是:"+codeToString(request.getParameter("userpassword"))+"<br>"); out.println("性别是:"+codeToString(request.getParameter("sex"))+"<br>"); out.println("出生年月是:"+request.getParameter("year")+request.getParameter("month")+request.getParameter("day")+"<br>"); out.println("电子邮箱是:"+request.getParameter("email")+"<br>"); out.println("家庭住址是:"+codeToString(request.getParameter("address"))+"<br>"); out.println("</body> </html>"); } }
接收表单信息:
register.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <script language="javascript"> function on_submit() {//验证数据的合法性 if (form1.username.value == "") { alert("用户名不能为空,请输入用户名!"); form1.username.focus(); return false; } if (form1.userpassword.value == "") { alert("用户密码不能为空,请输入密码!"); form1.userpassword.focus(); return false; } if (form1.reuserpassword.value == "") { alert("用户确认密码不能为空,请输入密码!"); form1.reuserpassword.focus(); return false; } if (form1.userpassword.value != form1.reuserpassword.value) { alert("密码与确认密码不同"); form1.userpassword.focus(); return false; } if (form1.email.value.length!= 0) { for (i=0; i<form1.email.value.length; i++) if (form1.email.value.charAt(i)=="@") break; if (i==form1.email.value.length) { alert("非法EMail地址!"); form1.email.focus(); return false; } } else { alert("请输入Email!"); form1.email.focus(); return false; } } </script> <html> <head> <title>新用户注册</title> </head> <body> <form method="POST" action="servlet/accept" name="form1" οnsubmit="return on_submit()"> 新用户注册<br> 用户名(*):<input type="text" name="username" size="20"><br> 密 码(*):<input type="password" name="userpassword" size="20"><br> 再输一次密码(*):<input type="password" name="reuserpassword" size="20"><br> 性别:<input type="radio" value="男" checked name="sex">男<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女">女<br> 出生年月:<input name="year" size="4" maxlength=4>年 <select name="month"> <option value="1" selected>1</option> <option value="2">2</option> <option value="3">3</option> <option value="4">4</option> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="6">6</option> <option value="8">7</option> <option value="9">9</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="11">11</option> <option value="12">12</option> </select>月 <input name="day" size="3" maxlength=4>日<br> 电子邮箱(*):<input name="email" maxlength=28><br> 家庭住址:<input type="text" name="address" size="20"><br> <input type="submit" value="提交" name="B1"><input type="reset" value="全部重写" name="B2"><br> </form> </body> </html>
web.xml配置信息如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>accept</servlet-name> <servlet-class>servlet.accept</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>accept</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/accept</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>register.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
下面说一下特别值得注意的问题:
servlet具有严格的规范,所以web,xml里面的信息一定要严格配置正确,不然就会跳转出错。
运行成功截图:
总结:一定配置好web,xml里面的的信息,很多人出错就是因为web.xlm里servlet配置错误。