结构性模式-组合模式

需求

营销场景根据性别和年龄对用户发放不同优惠券，目的是刺激消费，对精准用户进行促活

普通实现

public class EngineController {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EngineController.class);

    public String process(final String userId, final String userSex, final int userAge) {

        logger.info("if...else实现方式判断用户结果。userId：{} userSex：{} userAge：{}", userId, userSex, userAge);

        if ("man".equals(userSex)) {
            if (userAge < 25) {
                return "果实A";
            }

            if (userAge >= 25) {
                return "果实B";
            }
        }

        if ("woman".equals(userSex)) {
            if (userAge < 25) {
                return "果实C";
            }

            if (userAge >= 25) {
                return "果实D";
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

单元测试

    @Test
    public void test_EngineController() {
        EngineController engineController = new EngineController();
        String process = engineController.process("Oli09pLkdjh", "man", 29);
        logger.info("测试结果：{}", process);
    }

组合模式重构实现

工程结构

model

决策树节点

    private Long treeId;            //规则树ID
    private Long treeNodeId;        //规则树节点ID
    private Integer nodeType;       //节点类型；1子叶、2果实
    private String nodeValue;       //节点值[nodeType=2]；果实值
    private String ruleKey;         //规则Key
    private String ruleDesc;        //规则描述
    private List<TreeNodeLink> treeNodeLinkList; //节点链路

决策树节点链路

    private long nodeIdFrom;
    private long nodeIdTo;
    private int ruleLimitType;
    private String ruleLimitValue;

决策树根节点

    private Long treeId;         //规则树ID
    private Long treeRootNodeId; //规则树根ID
    private String treeName;     //规则树名称

聚合决策树

    private TreeRoot treeRoot;                          //树根信息
    private Map<Long, TreeNode> treeNodeMap;        //树节点ID -> 子节点

决策控制

IEngine

public interface IEngine {

    EngineResult process(final Long treeId, final String userId, TreeRich treeRich, final Map<String, String> decisionMatter);

}

EngineConfig

public class EngineConfig {

    static Map<String, LogicFilter> logicFilterMap;

    static {
        logicFilterMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
        logicFilterMap.put("userAge", new UserAgeFilter());
        logicFilterMap.put("userGender", new UserGenderFilter());
    }

    public Map<String, LogicFilter> getLogicFilterMap() {
        return logicFilterMap;
    }

    public void setLogicFilterMap(Map<String, LogicFilter> logicFilterMap) {
        this.logicFilterMap = logicFilterMap;
    }

}

EngineBase

public abstract class EngineBase extends EngineConfig implements IEngine{

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EngineBase.class);

    @Override
    public abstract EngineResult process(Long treeId, String userId, TreeRich treeRich, Map<String, String> decisionMatter);

    protected TreeNode engineDecisionMaker(TreeRich treeRich, Long treeId, String userId, Map<String, String> decisionMatter) {
        TreeRoot treeRoot = treeRich.getTreeRoot();
        Map<Long, TreeNode> treeNodeMap = treeRich.getTreeNodeMap();
        // 规则树根ID
        Long rootNodeId = treeRoot.getTreeRootNodeId();
        TreeNode treeNodeInfo = treeNodeMap.get(rootNodeId);
        //节点类型[NodeType]；1子叶、2果实
        while (treeNodeInfo.getNodeType().equals(1)) {
            String ruleKey = treeNodeInfo.getRuleKey();
            LogicFilter logicFilter = logicFilterMap.get(ruleKey);
            String matterValue = logicFilter.matterValue(treeId, userId, decisionMatter);
            Long nextNode = logicFilter.filter(matterValue, treeNodeInfo.getTreeNodeLinkList());
            treeNodeInfo = treeNodeMap.get(nextNode);
            logger.info("决策树引擎=>{} userId：{} treeId：{} treeNode：{} ruleKey：{} matterValue：{}", treeRoot.getTreeName(), userId, treeId, treeNodeInfo.getTreeNodeId(), ruleKey, matterValue);
        }
        return treeNodeInfo;
    }

}

TreeEngineHandle

public class TreeEngineHandle extends EngineBase {

    @Override
    public EngineResult process(Long treeId, String userId, TreeRich treeRich, Map<String, String> decisionMatter) {
        // 决策流程
        TreeNode treeNode = engineDecisionMaker(treeRich, treeId, userId, decisionMatter);
        // 决策结果
        return new EngineResult(userId, treeId, treeNode.getTreeNodeId(), treeNode.getNodeValue());
    }

}

LogicFilter

public interface LogicFilter {

    /**
     * 逻辑决策器
     *
     * @param matterValue          决策值
     * @param treeNodeLineInfoList 决策节点
     * @return 下一个节点Id
     */
    Long filter(String matterValue, List<TreeNodeLink> treeNodeLineInfoList);

    /**
     * 获取决策值
     *
     * @param decisionMatter 决策物料
     * @return 决策值
     */
    String matterValue(Long treeId, String userId, Map<String, String> decisionMatter);

}

BaseLogic:这块非常重要，决策树节点链路值初始化要和这块比较逻辑保持一致

public abstract class BaseLogic implements LogicFilter{

    @Override
    public Long filter(String matterValue, List<TreeNodeLink> treeNodeLinkList) {
        for (TreeNodeLink nodeLine : treeNodeLinkList) {
            if (decisionLogic(matterValue, nodeLine)) return nodeLine.getNodeIdTo();
        }
        return 0L;
    }

    @Override
    public abstract String matterValue(Long treeId, String userId, Map<String, String> decisionMatter);

    private boolean decisionLogic(String matterValue, TreeNodeLink nodeLink) {
        switch (nodeLink.getRuleLimitType()) {
            case 1:
                return matterValue.equals(nodeLink.getRuleLimitValue());
            case 2:
                return Double.parseDouble(matterValue) > Double.parseDouble(nodeLink.getRuleLimitValue());
            case 3:
                return Double.parseDouble(matterValue) < Double.parseDouble(nodeLink.getRuleLimitValue());
            case 4:
                return Double.parseDouble(matterValue) <= Double.parseDouble(nodeLink.getRuleLimitValue());
            case 5:
                return Double.parseDouble(matterValue) >= Double.parseDouble(nodeLink.getRuleLimitValue());
            default:
                return false;
        }
    }

}

UserGenderFilter

public class UserGenderFilter extends BaseLogic {

    @Override
    public String matterValue(Long treeId, String userId, Map<String, String> decisionMatter) {
        return decisionMatter.get("gender");
    }

}

UserAgeFilter

public class UserAgeFilter extends BaseLogic {

    @Override
    public String matterValue(Long treeId, String userId, Map<String, String> decisionMatter) {
        return decisionMatter.get("age");
    }

}

决策树初始化 非常重要

    private TreeRich treeRich;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        // 节点：1
        TreeNode treeNode_01 = new TreeNode();
        treeNode_01.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeNode_01.setTreeNodeId(1L);
        treeNode_01.setNodeType(1);
        treeNode_01.setNodeValue(null);
        treeNode_01.setRuleKey("userGender");
        treeNode_01.setRuleDesc("用户性别[男/女]");

        // 链接：1->11
        TreeNodeLink treeNodeLink_11 = new TreeNodeLink();
        treeNodeLink_11.setNodeIdFrom(1L);
        treeNodeLink_11.setNodeIdTo(11L);
        treeNodeLink_11.setRuleLimitType(1);
        treeNodeLink_11.setRuleLimitValue("man");

        // 链接：1->12
        TreeNodeLink treeNodeLink_12 = new TreeNodeLink();
        treeNodeLink_12.setNodeIdFrom(1L);
        treeNodeLink_12.setNodeIdTo(12L);
        treeNodeLink_12.setRuleLimitType(1);
        treeNodeLink_12.setRuleLimitValue("woman");

        List<TreeNodeLink> treeNodeLinkList_1 = new ArrayList<>();
        treeNodeLinkList_1.add(treeNodeLink_11);
        treeNodeLinkList_1.add(treeNodeLink_12);

        treeNode_01.setTreeNodeLinkList(treeNodeLinkList_1);

        // 节点：11
        TreeNode treeNode_11 = new TreeNode();
        treeNode_11.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeNode_11.setTreeNodeId(11L);
        treeNode_11.setNodeType(1);
        treeNode_11.setNodeValue(null);
        treeNode_11.setRuleKey("userAge");
        treeNode_11.setRuleDesc("用户年龄");

        // 链接：11->111
        TreeNodeLink treeNodeLink_111 = new TreeNodeLink();
        treeNodeLink_111.setNodeIdFrom(11L);
        treeNodeLink_111.setNodeIdTo(111L);
        treeNodeLink_111.setRuleLimitType(3);
        treeNodeLink_111.setRuleLimitValue("25");

        // 链接：11->112
        TreeNodeLink treeNodeLink_112 = new TreeNodeLink();
        treeNodeLink_112.setNodeIdFrom(11L);
        treeNodeLink_112.setNodeIdTo(112L);
        treeNodeLink_112.setRuleLimitType(5);
        treeNodeLink_112.setRuleLimitValue("25");

        List<TreeNodeLink> treeNodeLinkList_11 = new ArrayList<>();
        treeNodeLinkList_11.add(treeNodeLink_111);
        treeNodeLinkList_11.add(treeNodeLink_112);

        treeNode_11.setTreeNodeLinkList(treeNodeLinkList_11);

        // 节点：12
        TreeNode treeNode_12 = new TreeNode();
        treeNode_12.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeNode_12.setTreeNodeId(12L);
        treeNode_12.setNodeType(1);
        treeNode_12.setNodeValue(null);
        treeNode_12.setRuleKey("userAge");
        treeNode_12.setRuleDesc("用户年龄");

        // 链接：12->121
        TreeNodeLink treeNodeLink_121 = new TreeNodeLink();
        treeNodeLink_121.setNodeIdFrom(12L);
        treeNodeLink_121.setNodeIdTo(121L);
        treeNodeLink_121.setRuleLimitType(3);
        treeNodeLink_121.setRuleLimitValue("25");

        // 链接：12->122
        TreeNodeLink treeNodeLink_122 = new TreeNodeLink();
        treeNodeLink_122.setNodeIdFrom(12L);
        treeNodeLink_122.setNodeIdTo(122L);
        treeNodeLink_122.setRuleLimitType(5);
        treeNodeLink_122.setRuleLimitValue("25");

        List<TreeNodeLink> treeNodeLinkList_12 = new ArrayList<>();
        treeNodeLinkList_12.add(treeNodeLink_121);
        treeNodeLinkList_12.add(treeNodeLink_122);

        treeNode_12.setTreeNodeLinkList(treeNodeLinkList_12);

        // 节点：111
        TreeNode treeNode_111 = new TreeNode();
        treeNode_111.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeNode_111.setTreeNodeId(111L);
        treeNode_111.setNodeType(2);
        treeNode_111.setNodeValue("果实A");

        // 节点：112
        TreeNode treeNode_112 = new TreeNode();
        treeNode_112.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeNode_112.setTreeNodeId(112L);
        treeNode_112.setNodeType(2);
        treeNode_112.setNodeValue("果实B");

        // 节点：121
        TreeNode treeNode_121 = new TreeNode();
        treeNode_121.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeNode_121.setTreeNodeId(121L);
        treeNode_121.setNodeType(2);
        treeNode_121.setNodeValue("果实C");

        // 节点：122
        TreeNode treeNode_122 = new TreeNode();
        treeNode_122.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeNode_122.setTreeNodeId(122L);
        treeNode_122.setNodeType(2);
        treeNode_122.setNodeValue("果实D");

        // 树根
        TreeRoot treeRoot = new TreeRoot();
        treeRoot.setTreeId(10001L);
        treeRoot.setTreeRootNodeId(1L);
        treeRoot.setTreeName("规则决策树");

        Map<Long, TreeNode> treeNodeMap = new HashMap<>();
        treeNodeMap.put(1L, treeNode_01);
        treeNodeMap.put(11L, treeNode_11);
        treeNodeMap.put(12L, treeNode_12);
        treeNodeMap.put(111L, treeNode_111);
        treeNodeMap.put(112L, treeNode_112);
        treeNodeMap.put(121L, treeNode_121);
        treeNodeMap.put(122L, treeNode_122);

        treeRich = new TreeRich(treeRoot, treeNodeMap);
    }

单元测试

    @Test
    public void test_tree() {
        logger.info("决策树组合结构信息：\r\n" + JSON.toJSONString(treeRich));

        IEngine treeEngineHandle = new TreeEngineHandle();

        /**
         * 测试数据
         * 果实A：gender=man、age=22
         * 果实B：gender=man、age=29
         * 果实C：gender=woman、age=22
         * 果实D：gender=woman、age=29
         */
        Map<String, String> decisionMatter = new HashMap<>();
        decisionMatter.put("gender", "woman");
        decisionMatter.put("age", "23");

        EngineResult result = treeEngineHandle.process(10001L, "Oli09pLkdjh", treeRich, decisionMatter);
        logger.info("测试结果：{}", JSON.toJSONString(result));

    }

---

总结

通过构造决策树来决策不同性别不同年龄的用户应该返回的内容，但是目前理解太浅，自我感觉设计太复杂有点过度设计并且初始化树代码太多容易出错，希望日后再看能有不一样的看法来理解这种设计