Spring mvc的使用介绍

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-20 00:25:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-20 00:25:03 发布

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分类专栏：框架技术文章标签： Spring mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42120561/article/details/97902119

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这里主要介绍在Mybatis、Spring框架的基础上，Spring mvc框架的使用。Spring mvc框架主要对应的是Controller层。也就是Maven项目里org.zhuao.controller包里的代码。

第一步：导包

porm.xml的代码：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.zhuao</groupId>
  <artifactId>MavenF</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  
  <dependencies>
		<!-- commons Start -->
				
	<!-- commons Start -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
			<version>2.5</version>
		</dependency>
	
		<!-- 文件上传支持(commons-io) -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.3</version>
		</dependency>
	
<!-- Logback相关依赖 Start(slf4j-api) -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Logback相关依赖 Ends -->

<!-- Fastjson -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.46</version>
		</dependency>

<!-- Spring相关依赖 Start -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jcl</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Spring相关依赖 Ends -->
		
		<!-- Druid(数据库连接池) -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.6</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- MyBatis相关依赖 Start -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
			<version>3.4.5</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.1</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- MyBatis相关依赖 Ends -->
		
		<!-- jstl -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
		    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
		    <version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- servlet-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.0</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
		    <artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId>
		    <version>11.2.0.4.0-atlassian-hosted</version>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
	
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<!-- 编译插件(设置源代码的JDK版本,目标代码JDK版本,编译字符集) -->
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
 
</project>

第二步：几个配置文件

1. springMVC-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
	xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd">

	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
		<!-- @ResponseBody返回JSON数据中文乱码解决,注意,此配置一定要在<mvc:annotation-driven/>配置前面 -->
		<property name="messageConverters">
			<list>
				<bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
					<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
						<list>
							<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
							<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
						</list>
					</property>
				</bean>
				<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
					<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
						<list>
							<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
						</list>
					</property>
				</bean>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 静态资源映射(通用) -->
	<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" />
	<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" />
	<mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/img/" />
	<mvc:resources mapping="/3rd/**" location="/3rd/" />
	<mvc:resources mapping="/upload/**" location="/upload/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/**.html" location="/" />

	<!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven />

	<!-- 开启Controller注解支持 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="org.zhuao.controller"></context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- SpringMVC上传文件时,需配置MultipartResolver处理器 -->
	<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"/>

	<!-- 视图解析器 -->
	<bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
		<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
		<property name="prefix" value="/view/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 拦截器配置 -->
	<mvc:interceptors>
		<!-- 可配多个拦截器,顺序执行 -->
		<mvc:interceptor>
			<!-- [/**]表示所有url包括子url路径 -->
			<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
			<!-- 不拦截静态资源路径下的请求 -->
			<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/css/**"/>
			<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/img/**"/>
			<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**"/>
			<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/3rd/**"/>
			<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/upload/**"/>
			<bean class="org.zhuao.intercepter.BaseHandlerInterceptor"/>
		</mvc:interceptor>
	</mvc:interceptors>

</beans>

这边注意一下;

改为自己的Controller类包名。

2. oracle.properties

这个项目时连接oracle数据库的，username 和 password 要填入自己的数据库账号密码

# Oracle数据库配置
# 配置说明
# 	driverClassName	: 数据库驱动的名称
# 	url				: 数据库的地址
# 	username		: 用户名
# 	password		: 密码
# 	maxActive		: 最大激活连接数
# 	initialSize		: 连接池启动时创建的初始化连接数量
jdbc.oracle.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
jdbc.oracle.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
jdbc.oracle.username=JF180621xx
jdbc.oracle.password=JF180621xx
jdbc.oracle.maxActive=20
jdbc.oracle.initialSize=5

3.日志的配置文件 logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
	<!-- 基本信息配置 -->
	<property name="localAppName" 	value="org.zhuao"/>
	<property name="logHomeDir" 	value="${user.dir}/logs/logback"/>
	<property name="logbackLevel" 	value="ERROR"/>
	<contextName>default</contextName>

	<!-- 控制台输出配置 -->
	<appender name="ConsoleAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
		<target>System.out</target>
		<encoder>
			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg %n</pattern>
		</encoder>
	</appender>

	<!-- 针对本项目配置的日志 Start -->
	<appender name="LOCALAPP_DEBUG" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
		<Prudent>false</Prudent>
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
			<level>DEBUG</level>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<FileNamePattern>${logHomeDir}/${localAppName}/debug/debug-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>
			<MaxHistory>10</MaxHistory> <!-- 日志保留的个数 -->
		</rollingPolicy>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</Pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<appender name="LOCALAPP_WARN" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
		<Prudent>false</Prudent>
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
			<level>WARN</level>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<FileNamePattern>${logHomeDir}/${localAppName}/warn/warn-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>
			<MaxHistory>10</MaxHistory> <!-- 日志保留的个数 -->
		</rollingPolicy>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</Pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<appender name="LOCALAPP_INFO" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
		<Prudent>false</Prudent>
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
			<level>INFO</level>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<FileNamePattern>${logHomeDir}/${localAppName}/info/info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>
			<MaxHistory>10</MaxHistory> <!-- 日志保留的个数 -->
		</rollingPolicy>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</Pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<appender name="LOCALAPP_ERROR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
		<Prudent>false</Prudent>
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
			<level>ERROR</level>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<FileNamePattern>${logHomeDir}/${localAppName}/error/error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>
			<MaxHistory>10</MaxHistory> <!-- 日志保留的个数 -->
		</rollingPolicy>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</Pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>
	<!-- 针对本项目配置的日志 Ends -->

	<!-- 针对第三方配置的日志 Start -->
	<appender name="THIRDPART_DEFAULT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
		<Prudent>false</Prudent>
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<FileNamePattern>${logHomeDir}/${localAppName}/thirdpart/thirdpart-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>
			<MaxHistory>10</MaxHistory> <!-- 日志保留的个数 -->
		</rollingPolicy>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</Pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>
	<!-- 针对第三方配置的日志 Ends -->

	<!-- 针对指定包配置的日志 Start -->
	<logger name="test" addtivity="false" level="${logbackLevel}">
		<appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender"/>
	</logger>

	<logger name="org" addtivity="false" level="${logbackLevel}">
		<appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender"/>
		<appender-ref ref="THIRDPART_DEFAULT"/>
	</logger>

	<logger name="com" addtivity="false" level="${logbackLevel}">
		<appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender"/>
		<appender-ref ref="THIRDPART_DEFAULT"/>
	</logger>

	<!-- log4jdbc 专用配置 -->
	<logger name="jdbc.sqltiming" addtivity="false" level="${logbackLevel}">
		<appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender"/>
	</logger>

	<logger name="jdbc.resultsettable" level="INFO"></logger>
	<logger name="jdbc.sqlonly" level="OFF"></logger>
	<logger name="jdbc.audit" level="OFF"></logger>
	<logger name="jdbc.resultset" level="OFF"></logger>
	<logger name="jdbc.connection" level="OFF"></logger>
	<!-- 针对指定包配置的日志 Ends -->

	<!-- 根logger<root>此标签必须设置在最后面方可正常读取,否则系统将识别为无输出控制. 
		 只有一个level属性,用来设置打印级别,大小写无关:TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, ALL 和 OFF, 
		 不能设置为INHERITED或者同义词NULL. 默认是DEBUG. <root>可以包含零个或多个<appender-ref>元素,标识这个appender将会添加到这个loger. -->
	<root level="WARN">
		<!-- <appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender"/> -->
	</root>

</configuration>

第三步：事务层的处理

举个例子：

public interface LoginService {
	User login(String name,String password);
}

再来个实现类

@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {
	
	@Autowired
	private UserMapper userMapper;
	
	@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
	public User login(String name, String password) {	
		User u=userMapper.login(name, password);
	    System.out.println(u.toString());
		return u;
	}	
}

第四步：Controller类的代码：

@Controller
public class HelloController {

	@Autowired
	private LoginService loginService;
	
	@RequestMapping("/hello.html")
	public ModelAndView hello() {	
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		mv.setViewName("Login");
		return mv;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/do-login.action")
	public ModelAndView doLogin(String username,String password, String code,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {		
		HttpSession session =request.getSession();
		String oldKeyCode = (String) session.getAttribute("keycode");
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		if (!"".equals(username) && !"".equals(password) && oldKeyCode.equals(code.toUpperCase())) {
			// 在这边判断
			User u = loginService.login(username, password);
			System.out.println("还能运行吗？？");
			if (u != null) {
				session.setAttribute("loginUser", u);
				System.out.println("到這裡了");			
				mv.setViewName("main");							
			} else {				
			}
		} else {
			mv.setViewName("Login");			
		}
		return mv;
	}

再举一个返回JSONObject的例子

@Autowired
	private SelectScoreByUser selectScoreByUser;
		 
	@Autowired
	private RegService regService;
	
	@RequestMapping("/do-reg.action")
	@ResponseBody
public  JSONObject reg(String   name,String   pass1,String   sex,String   study,String   work,
		String   phone,String   email) {	
	  Score score=selectScoreByUser.selectByUser();
	User u=new User(0,name,pass1,sex,study,work,phone,email,score.getScore(),"","1");
	Integer reg = regService.reg(u);
	//还要写入日志
	Log l=new Log("",name,"用户注册","");
	Integer bo=logService.insert(l);
	JSONObject data=new JSONObject();
	data.put("symbol", reg);
	System.out.println(data.toString());
	return data;	
}

最后配置一个拦截器：

/**
 * <p>Title			: BaseHandlerInterceptor</p>
 * <p>Description	: 系统最高权限拦截器</p>
 * <p>DevelopTools	: Eclipse_x64_v4.6.2</p>
 * <p>DevelopSystem	: Windows10</p>
 * <p>Company		: org.xujun</p>
 * @author			: XuJun
 * @date			: 2016年11月23日 上午9:55:39
 * @version	 		: 6.0.0
 */
public class BaseHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
	
	/**
	 * 进入Handler方法之前执行
	 * @param request 	HttpServletRequest
	 * @param response 	HttpServletResponse
	 * @param handler 	handler
	 * @return true(放行) or false(拦截)
	 */
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("before");
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * 进入Handler方法之后，返回modelAndView之前执行(可以往MV里面填充公用的ModelAndView)
	 * @param request 	HttpServletRequest
	 * @param response 	HttpServletResponse
	 * @param handler 	handler
	 * @param mv 		ModelAndView
	 */
	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("mv 执行");
	}

	/**
	 * 执行Handler完成后执行(统一异常处理，统一日志处理)
	 * @param request 	HttpServletRequest
	 * @param response 	HttpServletResponse
	 * @param handler 	handler
	 * @param e 		异常信息
	 */
	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception e) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("after");
	}

}

上述的代码就是Spring mvc的基本代码了，但是其他部分的代码，例如 dao层、model层、界面的代码没有贴出，上传一个整合的项目，以供参考。https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_42120561/11457759

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Spring mvc的使用介绍

这里主要介绍在Mybatis、Spring框架的基础上，Spring mvc框架的使用。Spring mvc框架主要对应的是Controller层。也就是Maven项目里org.zhuao.controller包里的代码。第一步：导包porm.xml的代码：<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"...
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