logging.basicConfig配置仅第一次生效

 结论

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

场景简化为设置两次basicConfig，仅第一次设置的生效。

原因

def basicConfig(**kwargs):
    """
    Do basic configuration for the logging system.

    This function does nothing if the root logger already has handlers
    configured, unless the keyword argument *force* is set to ``True``.
    It is a convenience method intended for use by simple scripts
    to do one-shot configuration of the logging package.

    The default behaviour is to create a StreamHandler which writes to
    sys.stderr, set a formatter using the BASIC_FORMAT format string, and
    add the handler to the root logger.

    A number of optional keyword arguments may be specified, which can alter
    the default behaviour.

    filename  Specifies that a FileHandler be created, using the specified
              filename, rather than a StreamHandler.
    filemode  Specifies the mode to open the file, if filename is specified
              (if filemode is unspecified, it defaults to 'a').
    format    Use the specified format string for the handler.
    datefmt   Use the specified date/time format.
    style     If a format string is specified, use this to specify the
              type of format string (possible values '%', '{', '$', for
              %-formatting, :meth:`str.format` and :class:`string.Template`
              - defaults to '%').
    level     Set the root logger level to the specified level.
    stream    Use the specified stream to initialize the StreamHandler. Note
              that this argument is incompatible with 'filename' - if both
              are present, 'stream' is ignored.
    handlers  If specified, this should be an iterable of already created
              handlers, which will be added to the root handler. Any handler
              in the list which does not have a formatter assigned will be
              assigned the formatter created in this function.
    force     If this keyword  is specified as true, any existing handlers
              attached to the root logger are removed and closed, before
              carrying out the configuration as specified by the other
              arguments.
    encoding  If specified together with a filename, this encoding is passed to
              the created FileHandler, causing it to be used when the file is
              opened.
    errors    If specified together with a filename, this value is passed to the
              created FileHandler, causing it to be used when the file is
              opened in text mode. If not specified, the default value is
              `backslashreplace`.

    Note that you could specify a stream created using open(filename, mode)
    rather than passing the filename and mode in. However, it should be
    remembered that StreamHandler does not close its stream (since it may be
    using sys.stdout or sys.stderr), whereas FileHandler closes its stream
    when the handler is closed.

    .. versionchanged:: 3.2
       Added the ``style`` parameter.

    .. versionchanged:: 3.3
       Added the ``handlers`` parameter. A ``ValueError`` is now thrown for
       incompatible arguments (e.g. ``handlers`` specified together with
       ``filename``/``filemode``, or ``filename``/``filemode`` specified
       together with ``stream``, or ``handlers`` specified together with
       ``stream``.

    .. versionchanged:: 3.8
       Added the ``force`` parameter.

    .. versionchanged:: 3.9
       Added the ``encoding`` and ``errors`` parameters.
    """
    # Add thread safety in case someone mistakenly calls
    # basicConfig() from multiple threads
    _acquireLock()
    try:
        force = kwargs.pop('force', False)
        encoding = kwargs.pop('encoding', None)
        errors = kwargs.pop('errors', 'backslashreplace')
        if force:
            for h in root.handlers[:]:
                root.removeHandler(h)
                h.close()
        if len(root.handlers) == 0:
            handlers = kwargs.pop("handlers", None)
            if handlers is None:
                if "stream" in kwargs and "filename" in kwargs:
                    raise ValueError("'stream' and 'filename' should not be "
                                     "specified together")
            else:
                if "stream" in kwargs or "filename" in kwargs:
                    raise ValueError("'stream' or 'filename' should not be "
                                     "specified together with 'handlers'")
            if handlers is None:
                filename = kwargs.pop("filename", None)
                mode = kwargs.pop("filemode", 'a')
                if filename:
                    if 'b'in mode:
                        errors = None
                    h = FileHandler(filename, mode,
                                    encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
                else:
                    stream = kwargs.pop("stream", None)
                    h = StreamHandler(stream)
                handlers = [h]
            dfs = kwargs.pop("datefmt", None)
            style = kwargs.pop("style", '%')
            if style not in _STYLES:
                raise ValueError('Style must be one of: %s' % ','.join(
                                 _STYLES.keys()))
            fs = kwargs.pop("format", _STYLES[style][1])
            fmt = Formatter(fs, dfs, style)
            for h in handlers:
                if h.formatter is None:
                    h.setFormatter(fmt)
                root.addHandler(h)
            level = kwargs.pop("level", None)
            if level is not None:
                root.setLevel(level)
            if kwargs:
                keys = ', '.join(kwargs.keys())
                raise ValueError('Unrecognised argument(s): %s' % keys)
    finally:
        _releaseLock()

查看basicConfig函数可以看到有一个判断条件：

if len(root.handlers) == 0，即未设置过handlers才会设置相应参数，如果已有handlers则不再处理新参数设置