所有的类模板函数都写在类的外部，在不同的.h 与CPP 中

类模板说明与类模板分开，本代码在Linux 环境下编译通过

1.主函数：

/*************************************************
 * copyright  @ zjl  2018-2020.All rights reserved
 * Filename :数组类，模板简单实现
 * Atuhor: zhong
 * Version:v1.0
 * Description:设计一个数组类模板（myvector） ，完成对int ，char  Teacher的数据元素管理
 * others:需求完成类模板，构造函数，重载<<  >>  =
 * Log:
 * 
 * ***********************************************/
#include <iostream>
#include <assert.h>
#include "string.h"
#include </home/zjl/ProTemp/f1/f1.cpp>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
template<typename T>
class  MyVector;
template <class T>
ostream& operator << (ostream &,const MyVector<T> &);
class Teacher{
public:
    Teacher()
	{
		this->age=33;
		strcpy(name," ");
	}
	Teacher(char *name,int age){
		this->age=age;
		strcpy(this->name,name);
	}
	void printT(){
		cout<<"name:"<<name<<"- age:"<<age<<endl;
	}
private:
    int age;
	char name[32];
};
//test  数组拷贝
int main()
{
//test1   
	MyVector<int> myv1(10);
	for (int i = 0; i < myv1.getLen(); i++)
	{
	myv1[i] = i + 1;
	}
	// cout << myv1[i] << " ";
	// cout << endl;
	cout << "-----myv1-----" << endl;
	cout << myv1;
	MyVector<int> myv2 = myv1;  //重载=
	for (int i = 0; i < myv1.getLen(); i++)
	{
	  cout << myv2[i] << " ";
	}
	cout << "-----myv2-----" << endl;
	cout << myv2 << endl;
	cout << "Hello World" << endl;
//test2
   cout<<"-----test2-------"<<endl;
   MyVector<char>  myv3(10);
   myv3[0]='a';
   myv3[1]='b';
   cout<<myv3<<endl;
//test3
   cout<<"------test3-------"<<endl;
   Teacher t1("t1",33);
   Teacher t2("t2",32);
   MyVector<Teacher>   tArray(4);
   tArray[0]=t1;   //采用的是默认的浅拷贝构造函数
   tArray[1]=t2;
   for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
	Teacher tmp=tArray[i];
	tmp.printT();
   }
   return 1;
}

2.myinclude.h

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

template <typename T>
class  MyVector;
template <typename T>
ostream& operator<< (ostream &,const MyVector<T>&);
template <typename T>
class MyVector
{
	// 需要注意  一定要加上 <T>  但是在.cpp文件里面加上了 <T>  还会报错 MyVector<T> 可以不加 <T> 编译也能通
	friend ostream & operator<<  <T>(ostream &out, const MyVector<T> &obj);
public:
	MyVector(int size = 0);	// 构造函数
	MyVector(const MyVector &obj);	// 拷贝构造函数
	~MyVector();	// 析构函数

public:
	T & operator[] (int index);
	MyVector & operator= (const MyVector &obj);
	
public:
	int getLen()
	{
		return m_len;
	}

public:
	T *m_space;
	int m_len;


};

3.f1.cpp

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include "../include/myinclude.h"

template <typename T>
MyVector<T>::MyVector(int size)  // 不允许使用默认参数
{
	// m_space = new int[size];
	m_space = new T[size];
	m_len = size;
}
// 拷贝构造函数
template <typename T>
MyVector<T>::MyVector(const MyVector &obj)
{
	// 根据obj的大小分配内存 
	m_len = obj.m_len;
	m_space = new T[m_len];
	// copy 数据
	for (int i = 0; i < m_len; i++)
	{
		m_space[i] = obj.m_space[i];
	}
}

template <typename T>
MyVector<T>::~MyVector()
{
	if (m_space != NULL)
	{
		delete[] m_space;
		m_space = NULL;
		m_len = 0;
	}
}

template <typename T>
T & MyVector<T>::operator[] (int index)
{
	return m_space[index];
}

template <typename T>
MyVector<T> & MyVector<T>::operator= (const MyVector<T> &obj)
{
	// 先把自己的内存给释放掉
	if (m_space != NULL)
	{
		delete[] m_space;
		m_space = NULL;
		m_len = 0;
	}
	// 根据 obj 分配内存
	m_len = obj.m_len;
	m_space = new T[m_len];
	// copy 数据
	for (int i = 0; i < m_len; i++)
	{
		m_space[i] = obj[i];
	}
	return *this;
}

// 重载 << 操作符
template <typename T>
ostream & operator<< (ostream &out, const MyVector<T> &obj)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < obj.m_len; i++)
	{
		out << obj.m_space[i] << " ";
	}
	out << endl;
	return out;
}

之前报错：

    

原因是：没有在主函数实例化之间进行友元函数声明，注意模板函数做友元要显式声明