python入门（5）

python入门（5）

字典

字典的表达形式

dict1 = {"name":"xiaoming","age":18}
dict2=dict()

键值结构，各元素‘，’隔开

字典的取值

通过[键名]直接取值

dict[键名]

get()方法

dict.get(键名，默认值)

两者对比

• 都可以进行数据获取,dict[键名]，会报错

• get()，没写默认值，没找到返回None

  写默认值，没找到返回默认值

字典的修改

dict1 = {"name":"xiaoming","age":18}
dict1['name']='老张'
print(dict1)

    def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update
        """
        D.update([E, ]**F) -> None.  Update D from dict/iterable E and F.
        If E is present and has a .keys() method, then does:  for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
        If E is present and lacks a .keys() method, then does:  for k, v in E: D[k] = v
        In either case, this is followed by: for k in F:  D[k] = F[k]
        """
        pass

有则变，无则建

dict1.update([("name","zhangsan"),('age':200)])

字典的删除

del dict1['name']

pop()

• 原始数据上操作

• 返回对应的键名

• 不存在返回默认值，没给默认值，报错

clear()

清空字典

popitem()

随机弹出一个（k，v）,空字典，则报错

    def popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a
        2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty.
        """
        pass

常用操作

len()

返回元素的长度

len(dict1)

2.7语句

iteritem()

has_key()

元组

创建元组

    def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of tuple.__init__
        """
        tuple() -> empty tuple
        tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items
        
        If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
        # (copied from class doc)
        """
        pass

方法

    def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ T.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
        return 0

    def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        T.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
        Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
        """
        return 0

与list类似