英语写作常用词汇

1.社会热点

生理健康：physical health

心理健康：mental/psychological health

进行体育锻炼：do physical exercises

保持乐观：keep optimistic 

悲观的：pessimistic

均衡饮食：well-balanced diet

亚健康：sub-health

公共卫生：public health

心态：state of mind

垃圾食品：junk food

节食：go on a diet

减肥：lose weight

提供医疗服务：provide medical services

牺牲健康：sacrifice one’s health

全面禁烟：total tobacco ban

疾病：illness/disease

慢性病：chronic disease

传染病：infectious disease

 

代沟：generation gap

弥合差距：bridge the gap

相互理解：mutual understanding

误解：misunderstanding

赡养父母：support one’s parents

照顾：take care of/look after

虐待：mistreat/maltreat

老龄化社会：aging society

人口老龄化：population aging

老年人：the aged/the elderly/senior citizens

奉行孝道：practice filial piety

 

 

职业道德：professional ethics

伪劣产品：shoddy products/goods, counterfeit/inferior commodities

欺诈行为：fraudulent activity/behavior/conduct

诚信：honesty

学术腐败：academic corruption

剽窃/抄袭：plagiarism

食品安全：food safety

建筑质量：construction quality

地沟油：gutter oil

毒奶粉：poisonous milk powder

食品添加剂：food additive

不公平竞争：unfair competition

管理部门：the administration

监管机构：regulator

厂家：manufacturer

漠视法律：ignore the laws

推卸责任：shift blame onto others

消费者权益：consumers’ rights and interests

 

公德：public/social morals/morality

传统美德：traditional virtue

责任：duty/responsibility

责任感：sense of responsibility

承担责任：shoulder/assume/undertake one’s duty/responsibility

逃避责任：avoid/shirk one’s duty/responsibility

奉献：devote/dedicate/devotion/dedication

无私奉献：selfless devotion

信任危机：trust crisis

不道德行为：immoral behavior

希望工程：Project Hope

慈善机构：charity

捐款：donate/donation

贫困的乡村地区：poor rural areas

尊老爱幼：respect the old and love the young

随地吐痰：spit everywhere

大声喧哗：make noise/talk loudly

 

 

2.教育文化

1、核心词汇：

1）学位： 学士学位：bachelor’s degree

硕士学位：master’s degree

博士学位：doctoral degree

获得学位：obtain/receive degree

2）学校 幼儿园：nursery/kindergarten

小学：primary/elementary school

中学：middle/high school

综合性大学：university

学院：college/institute/school

中等教育：secondary education

高等教育：higher education

大学生：college/university student

大学毕业生：college/university graduate

教授：professor

系：department

专业：major

教学设施：teaching facility

食堂：dining hall/canteen

宿舍（楼）：dormitory

图书馆：library

选修课：elective/optional course

必修课：compulsory course

学杂费：tuition fees and other expenses

3）教育

终身教育：lifelong education

素质教育：essential-quality-oriented education

应试教育：exam-oriented education

义务教育：compulsory education

理论知识：theoretical knowledge

实践技能：practical skill

信息时代：information age

知识爆炸时代：era of knowledge explosion

逃课：skip class

学习成绩：academic performance

学习氛围：learning atmosphere

开阔眼界：broaden/expand one’s horizons

激发兴趣：stimulate one’s interest

开发潜能：tap one’s potential

学生减负：reduce study load

做兼职：work part-time

入学：start school

辍学：drop out of school

完成学业：finish school

4）招生就业 招生：recruitment

录取：enrollment

申请入学：apply for admission to/into

高考：college entrance examination

就业市场：job market

雇主：employer

雇员：employee

职业培训：vocational training

考研：take the National Entrance Test for M.A./M.S. Candidates

 

2、核心词汇：

流行文化： popular culture

广告无处不在：pervasive advertisement

偶像崇拜：idol worship

上网成瘾：Internet addiction

虚拟生活：virtual life

网上交友：making friends online

网聊：online chat

网上购物：online shopping

网络监督：Internet supervision

网络暴力：online violence

实名制：real-name system

不负责言论：irresponsible remarks

彩票：lottery ticket

网络游戏：Internet game

数码产品：digital products

手机短信：text message

手机入网：mobile phone subscription

 

（二）核心词汇：

电信业：telecommunications industry

汽车产业：automobile industry

房地产业：real estate industry

发展中国家：developing country

发达国家：developed country

手机入网：mobile phone subscription

全球化：globalization

趋于饱和：tend to saturation

双刃剑：double-edged sword

市场份额：market share/portion

部分品牌：certain brands

国内市场：domestic market

科技进步：advancement/progress of science and technology

技术基础：technical foundation

物质基础：material basis

技术手段：technical means

价格促销：price promotion

促进销量：boost sales

欺诈行为：dishonest behavior

继续盈利：make continuous profits

提升形象：reinforce image

工作满意度：job satisfaction

某公司：a certain company

城镇人口：urban population/dweller

乡村人口：rural population

交通网络：transportation network

高度发达的：well-developed

交通系统：transportation system

春节假期：Spring Festival Vacation

住房所有权：ownership of houses

国有住房：state-owned houses

私有住房：private houses

家庭收入：family income

经济条件：economic condition

分期付款：hire purchase, installment plan

补贴：subsidy

贷款：loan

公司：company/corporation

市场经济：market economy

经济全球化：economic globalization

跨国公司：multinational

私营企业：private enterprise

员工：staff

工作压力：work/working pressure

提高福利待遇：improve one’s fringe benefits

吸引外资：attract foreign investment

法律保护：legal protection

深远的社会影响：profound social and economic impacts

改革开放政策：policy of reform and opening-up

社会保障制度：social security system

失业：unemployment

住房：housing

公用基础设施：public infrastructure

可持续的城市发展：sustainable urban development

城市化：urbanization

经济危机：financial crisis

经济不景气：recession/depression

失业：lose one’s job/be unemployed

失业加剧：job losses mount

失业人数：jobless number

找工作：seek employment

找工作者：job seeker

严峻的就业形势：tough job market

政府做某事的决心：the government’s determination to do sth.

适度宽松的货币政策：moderately loose monetary policy

厉行节约：practice economy

税款减免：tax relief

基础设施建设：infrastructure construction

扩大内需：boost domestic demand

就业指导：career guidance

经济刺激方案：stimulus package/plan

经济结构调整：economic restructuring

减员：downsize/cut staff

积极的财政政策：proactive fiscal policy

经济复苏：economic recovery

刺激消费：stimulate consumer spending

创造新的就业：generate new employment

削减成本：cost-cutting

安居工程：comfortable housing project

重建信心：confidence reconstruction

信心下滑：confidence slump

 

（二）核心词汇：

环境保护：environmental protection

提高环保意识：enhance the awareness of environmental protection

保持生态平衡：maintain ecological balance

生态系统：ecosystem

自然保护区：nature reserve

可持续发展战略：sustainable development strategy

宜人的生活环境：pleasant environment

节能：save energy

减排：reduce greenhouse gas emissions

降低资源消耗率：slow down the rate of resource consumption

环保产品：environment-friendly product

全球变暖：global warming

低碳经济：low carbon economy

清洁可再生能源：clean and renewable energy sources

核能：nuclear energy 

太阳能：solar energy

大功率电器：high-powered electrical appliance

二氧化碳：carbon dioxide

气候变化：climate change

环境恶化：environment deterioration

毁林：deforestation, clear-cutting

过度开采：overexploitation

水土流失：soil erosion

荒漠化：desertification

人口增长：population growth

野生动物保护：wildlife conservation

濒危物种：endangered species

商业捕鱼：commercial fishing

捕捞过渡：overfishing

自然灾害：natural disaster

破坏性地震：destructive earthquake

沙尘暴：sandstorm

旱灾：drought

水灾：flood

限期治理：bring under control within the prescribed time limit

白色污染：white pollution

限制使用一次性塑料袋：limit the use of disposable plastic bags

一次性筷子：disposable chopsticks

乱扔垃圾：litter

垃圾：trash/rubbish

丢弃：throw/discard

空气污染浓度：air pollutant concentrations

汽车尾气排放：motor vehicle emissions

尾气净化器：exhaust purifier

无铅汽油：lead-free/unleaded gasoline/petrol

电动汽车：electric car

天然气汽车：gas-fueled car

小排量汽车：low-emission car

工业粉尘排放：industrial dust discharge

烟尘排放：soot emissions

矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气）：fossil fuel(coal, oil and natural gas)