esp32 + micropython + oled显示天气

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软/硬件条件：

thonny软件

ESP32开发板

0.96寸OLED(I2C接口)屏幕

实验接线：

OLED(IIC)液晶模块-->ESP32 IO
         GND-->(GND)
         VCC-->(5V)
         SCL-->(18)
         SDA-->(23)

直接上代码：

main.py

from lib import urequests
from machine import Pin,I2C
from machine import SoftI2C
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C #从ssd1306模块中导入SSD1306_I2C子模块
import time,ntptime,network
import ujson
import sys
import _thread

#创建软件I2C对象
i2c = SoftI2C(sda=Pin(23), scl=Pin(18))
#创建OLED对象，OLED分辨率、I2C接口
oled = SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c) 

# 心知天气API申请：https://seniverse.yuque.com
# API_KEY = 'S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_'
#接口;https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c
# LOCATION = 'zhuzhou'
# URL = 'https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json'
# UNIT = 'c'
# LANGUAGE = 'zh-Hans'

#路由器WIFI账号和密码
ssid="FAST_0DB8"
password="xxxxxxxx"

#WIFI连接
def wifi_connect():
    wlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)  #STA模式
    wlan.active(True)  #激活
    #start_time=time.time()  #记录时间做超时判断
    
    cnt = 0
    if not wlan.isconnected():
        print("conneting to network...")
        wlan.connect(ssid,password)  #输入 WIFI 账号密码
        
        while not wlan.isconnected():
            cnt += 1
            time.sleep(1)
            print("cnt", cnt)
            #超时判断,15 秒没连接成功判定为超时
            if cnt > 15:
                print("WIFI Connect Timeout!")
                return False
        return True 
    else:
        print("network information:", wlan.ifconfig())
        return True

def fetchWeather():
    result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c")       
    return result.text
     
class CWeather:
    def __init__(self, addr="", weather="", temperature=""):
        self.addr = addr
        self.weather = weather
        self.temperature = temperature

g_weather = CWeather()

def threadFetchWeather(description, count):
    global g_weather
    
    print(description)
    while True:
        result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c") 
        text = result.text
        result.close()
        
        print("text", text)
        j=ujson.loads(text)
        print(j['results'][0]['location']['name'])
        print(j['results'][0]['now']['text'])
        print(j['results'][0]['now']['temperature'])
        print("\r\n\r\n")
      
        g_weather.addr=j['results'][0]['location']['name']
        g_weather.weather=j['results'][0]['now']['text']
        g_weather.temperature=j['results'][0]['now']['temperature']
        
        time.sleep(600)
  
def threadShowOled(description, count):
    global oled
    global g_weather

    print(description)
    time.sleep(2)
    oled.font_load("GB2312-12.fon")# 所使用的字体时12号字体
    oled.fill(0)  #清空屏幕
    oled.text("ESP32 Weather Clock", 4, 0)
    oled.line(0, 14, 128, 14, 1)#划线
    oled.show()
    
    while True:
        time.sleep_ms(500)
        print("show oled:%s %s %s"%(g_weather.addr, g_weather.weather, g_weather.temperature))
        if 0  == len(g_weather.addr):
            continue

        oled.fill(0)  #清空屏幕
        oled.text("ESP32 Weather Clock", 4, 0)
        oled.line(0, 14, 128, 14, 1)#划线

        oled.text("地点：%s"%g_weather.addr,0,16)
        oled.text("天气：%s 温度：%s℃"%(g_weather.weather, g_weather.temperature),0,32)

        localtime=time.localtime()
        #print(localtime)
        strTime = ("%d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d"%(localtime[0], localtime[1], localtime[2], localtime[3]+8, localtime[4], localtime[5]))
        print(strTime)
        oled.text("%s"%strTime,0,48)
        oled.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
#def test():
    print("begin connect wifi")    
    if wifi_connect():
        print("connect wifi success")
    else:
        print("connect wifi failed")
        sys.exit(0)

    mytime=time.localtime()
    print("before:", mytime)
    ntptime.settime() 
    mytime=time.localtime()
    print("after:", mytime)
    
    _thread.start_new_thread(threadFetchWeather, ("fetch weather", 0))
    _thread.start_new_thread(threadShowOled, ("show oled", 0))
    

ssd1306.py:

# MicroPython SSD1306 OLED driver, I2C and SPI interfaces

from micropython import const
import framebuf


# register definitions
SET_CONTRAST = const(0x81)
SET_ENTIRE_ON = const(0xA4)
SET_NORM_INV = const(0xA6)
SET_DISP = const(0xAE)
SET_MEM_ADDR = const(0x20)
SET_COL_ADDR = const(0x21)
SET_PAGE_ADDR = const(0x22)
SET_DISP_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SET_SEG_REMAP = const(0xA0)
SET_MUX_RATIO = const(0xA8)
SET_COM_OUT_DIR = const(0xC0)
SET_DISP_OFFSET = const(0xD3)
SET_COM_PIN_CFG = const(0xDA)
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV = const(0xD5)
SET_PRECHARGE = const(0xD9)
SET_VCOM_DESEL = const(0xDB)
SET_CHARGE_PUMP = const(0x8D)

# Subclassing FrameBuffer provides support for graphics primitives
# http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/pyboard/library/framebuf.html
class SSD1306(framebuf.FrameBuffer):
    def __init__(self, width, height, external_vcc):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.external_vcc = external_vcc
        self.pages = self.height // 8
        self.buffer = bytearray(self.pages * self.width)
        super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.MONO_VLSB, self.width)
        self.init_display()

    def init_display(self):
        for cmd in (
            SET_DISP | 0x00,  # off
            # address setting
            SET_MEM_ADDR,
            0x00,  # horizontal
            # resolution and layout
            SET_DISP_START_LINE | 0x00,
            SET_SEG_REMAP | 0x01,  # column addr 127 mapped to SEG0
            SET_MUX_RATIO,
            self.height - 1,
            SET_COM_OUT_DIR | 0x08,  # scan from COM[N] to COM0
            SET_DISP_OFFSET,
            0x00,
            SET_COM_PIN_CFG,
            0x02 if self.width > 2 * self.height else 0x12,
            # timing and driving scheme
            SET_DISP_CLK_DIV,
            0x80,
            SET_PRECHARGE,
            0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xF1,
            SET_VCOM_DESEL,
            0x30,  # 0.83*Vcc
            # display
            SET_CONTRAST,
            0xFF,  # maximum
            SET_ENTIRE_ON,  # output follows RAM contents
            SET_NORM_INV,  # not inverted
            # charge pump
            SET_CHARGE_PUMP,
            0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14,
            SET_DISP | 0x01,
        ):  # on
            self.write_cmd(cmd)
        self.fill(0)
        self.show()

    def poweroff(self):
        self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x00)

    def poweron(self):
        self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x01)

    def contrast(self, contrast):
        self.write_cmd(SET_CONTRAST)
        self.write_cmd(contrast)

    def invert(self, invert):
        self.write_cmd(SET_NORM_INV | (invert & 1))

    def show(self):
        x0 = 0
        x1 = self.width - 1
        if self.width == 64:
            # displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32
            x0 += 32
            x1 += 32
        self.write_cmd(SET_COL_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(x0)
        self.write_cmd(x1)
        self.write_cmd(SET_PAGE_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(0)
        self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
        self.write_data(self.buffer)


class SSD1306_I2C(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3C, external_vcc=False):
        self.i2c = i2c
        self.addr = addr
        self.temp = bytearray(2)
        self.write_list = [b"\x40", None]  # Co=0, D/C#=1
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)

    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.temp[0] = 0x80  # Co=1, D/C#=0
        self.temp[1] = cmd
        self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)

    def write_data(self, buf):
        self.write_list[1] = buf
        self.i2c.writevto(self.addr, self.write_list)


class SSD1306_SPI(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, res, cs, external_vcc=False):
        self.rate = 10 * 1024 * 1024
        dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)
        res.init(res.OUT, value=0)
        cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)
        self.spi = spi
        self.dc = dc
        self.res = res
        self.cs = cs
        import time

        self.res(1)
        time.sleep_ms(1)
        self.res(0)
        time.sleep_ms(10)
        self.res(1)
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)

    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs(1)
        self.dc(0)
        self.cs(0)
        self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd]))
        self.cs(1)

    def write_data(self, buf):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs(1)
        self.dc(1)
        self.cs(0)
        self.spi.write(buf)
        self.cs(1)

urequest.py

import usocket

class Response:

    def __init__(self, f):
        self.raw = f
        self.encoding = "utf-8"
        self._cached = None

    def close(self):
        if self.raw:
            self.raw.close()
            self.raw = None
        self._cached = None

    @property
    def content(self):
        if self._cached is None:
            try:
                self._cached = self.raw.read()
            finally:
                self.raw.close()
                self.raw = None
        return self._cached

    @property
    def text(self):
        return str(self.content, self.encoding)

    def json(self):
        import ujson
        return ujson.loads(self.content)


def request(method, url, data=None, json=None, headers={}, stream=None):
    try:
        proto, dummy, host, path = url.split("/", 3)
    except ValueError:
        proto, dummy, host = url.split("/", 2)
        path = ""
    if proto == "http:":
        port = 80
    elif proto == "https:":
        import ussl
        port = 443
    else:
        raise ValueError("Unsupported protocol: " + proto)

    if ":" in host:
        host, port = host.split(":", 1)
        port = int(port)
    
    print("host", host, "port", port)
    ai = usocket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, usocket.SOCK_STREAM)
    ai = ai[0]

    s = usocket.socket(ai[0], ai[1], ai[2])
    try:
        s.connect(ai[-1])
        if proto == "https:":
            s = ussl.wrap_socket(s, server_hostname=host)
        s.write(b"%s /%s HTTP/1.0\r\n" % (method, path))
        if not "Host" in headers:
            s.write(b"Host: %s\r\n" % host)
        # Iterate over keys to avoid tuple alloc
        for k in headers:
            s.write(k)
            s.write(b": ")
            s.write(headers[k])
            s.write(b"\r\n")
        if json is not None:
            assert data is None
            import ujson
            data = ujson.dumps(json)
            s.write(b"Content-Type: application/json\r\n")
        if data:
            s.write(b"Content-Length: %d\r\n" % len(data))
        s.write(b"\r\n")
        if data:
            s.write(data)

        l = s.readline()
        #print(l)
        l = l.split(None, 2)
        status = int(l[1])
        reason = ""
        if len(l) > 2:
            reason = l[2].rstrip()
        while True:
            l = s.readline()
            if not l or l == b"\r\n":
                break
            #print(l)
            if l.startswith(b"Transfer-Encoding:"):
                if b"chunked" in l:
                    raise ValueError("Unsupported " + l)
            elif l.startswith(b"Location:") and 300 < status < 400:
                new_url = (l[10:-2]).decode('utf8')
                return request(method, new_url, data, json, headers, stream)
    except OSError:
        s.close()
        raise

    resp = Response(s)
    resp.status_code = status
    resp.reason = reason
    return resp


def head(url, **kw):
    return request("HEAD", url, **kw)

def get(url, **kw):
    return request("GET", url, **kw)

def post(url, **kw):
    return request("POST", url, **kw)

def put(url, **kw):
    return request("PUT", url, **kw)

def patch(url, **kw):
    return request("PATCH", url, **kw)

def delete(url, **kw):
    return request("DELETE", url, **kw)

设计思路：

参考了部分链接里面的代码，里面的文章有中文固件，需要烧中文件固件

esp32_1.15_fb_boost_4M_ULAB.bin（我随便选了一个bin文件烧到esp32）

还需要把中文字体GB2312-12.fon上载到MicroPython设备：

urequests.py和ssd1306.py也要上载！！！

main文件里面执行步骤：

1、连上wifi

2、起一个线程threadFetchWeather来定时获取天气信息

3、起一个线程threadShowOled显示信息

为什么我这里要起两个线程呢？我当初设计的思路是想实时显示时间，如果把获取天气和显示时间这两件事情串行，会发现一个问题！那就是联网获取天气耗时太长了（超过1s），导致显示的时间秒数会跳秒，并不是+1s，而是+2s。所以把这两件事情并行执行，获取天气间隔600s更新，显示时间和天气间隔1s执行。

实验结果：

参考链接：

【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示_ssd1306显示中文-CSDN博客