JDBC连接MySQL数据库(二)——添加配置文件实现数据库连接

JDBC实现数据库的连接

通过添加配置文件

如果我们想要需要更改数据库，按照之前的做法的话，我们就要取修改源代码，这样的方式很繁琐，可能也不一定去给你看源代码，既然这样我们应该怎么修改呢？ 通过添加配置文件实现对数据库的访问，而不是去修改源代码，这样更改配置信息就可以完成对其他数据库的操作。

在src目录下建立配置文件如下图：

设置配置信息：

 url = jdbc:mysql://localhost/studentinformation?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
 user = root
 password = 81604152
 driverclass = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

我们在JDBCutils中添加静态代码块，静态代码块 随着类加载时，加载进jvm中，读取配置文件在此添加如下代码：

static {
		
		Properties p = new Properties();
		InputStream is = JDBCtool.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.pro");
		try {
			p.load(is);
			url = p.getProperty("url");
			password = p.getProperty("password");
			user = p.getProperty("user");
			DriverClass = p.getProperty("driverclass");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			
		}
	}

获取连接

public static Connection  getconn() {
		Connection conn = null;
		try {
			Class.forName(DriverClass);
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return conn;
	}

JDBCutils工具：

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;

public class JDBCutils {
	static String url = null;
	static String password = null;
	static String user = null;
	static String DriverClass = null;
	static {
			
			Properties p = new Properties();
			InputStream is = JDBCutils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.pro");
			try {
				p.load(is);
				url = p.getProperty("url");
				password = p.getProperty("password");
				user = p.getProperty("user");
				DriverClass = p.getProperty("driverclass");
			} catch (Exception e) {
				
			}
		}
	public static Connection  getconn() {
		Connection conn = null;
		try {
			Class.forName(DriverClass);
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return conn;
	}
	public static void ReleaseAll(Connection conn, ResultSet rs, Statement st) {
		CloseConn(conn);
		CloseRs(rs);
		CloseSt(st);
	}
	
	private static void CloseConn(Connection conn) {
		try {
			if(conn != null) {
				conn.close();
			}
		}catch(SQLException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			conn = null;
		}
	}
	private static void CloseRs(ResultSet rs) {
		try {
			if(rs  != null) {
				rs.close();
			}
		}catch(SQLException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			rs  = null;
		}
	}
	private static void CloseSt(Statement st) {
		try {
			if(st  != null) {
				st.close();
			}
		}catch(SQLException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			st  = null;
		}
	}
}

完整代码如下：

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
	import java.sql.SQLException;
	import java.sql.Statement;
	public class prac {
		public static void main(String [] args ) {
			 Connection conn = null;
			ResultSet rs = null;
			Statement st = null;
			try {
				conn = JDBCtutils.getconn();
				 st = conn.createStatement();
				String sql= "select * from info";
				 rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
				while(rs.next()) {
					int id = rs.getInt("id");
					String name = rs.getString( "name");
					System.out.println( id+":"+name);
				}
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}finally {
				JDBCutils.ReleaseAll(conn, rs, st);
				
			}
		}
	}