要使用HttpClient,需要了解一些类:
1、ClientConnectionManager接口:该接口是客户端连接管理器接口,主要提供以下几个抽象方法:
ClientConnectionManager(关闭所有无效超时的连接)、closeIdleConnection(关闭空闲的连接)、releaseConnection(释放一个连接)、requestConnection(请求一个新的连接)、shutdown(关闭管理器并且释放资源)
2、DefaultHttpClient:一个默认的Http客户端,我们可以使用它来创建一个Http连接,代码如下:
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
3、HttpResponse:是一个Http连接相应,当执行一个Http连接后,就会返回一个HttpResponse,可以通过HttpResponse获得一些响应信息。下面是一个请求Http连接并且获得该请求是否成功的代码:
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
//连接成功
}
通过上面几个类的连接,下面将分别使用Get和Post方式请求一个网页。
其中有两个资源文件,两个jsp的内容分别如下:
http.jsp
My JSP 'index.jsp' starting pageout.println("
HTTP TEST
http test
");
%>
httpGet.jsp
My JSP 'index.jsp' starting pageString type = request.getParameter("par");
String result = new String(type.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"gb2312");
out.println("
parameters:"+result+"
");%>
先看看HttpClient中如何使用Get方式获取数据,这里需要使用HttpGet来构建一个Get方式的Http请求,然后通过HttpClient来执行这个请求,HttpResponse在收到这个请求后给出响应,最后通过“httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()”来判断请求是否成功,并且处理,具体代码如下:
public class GetActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.http);
TextView textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text);
String httpUrl = "http://59.64.158.106:8080/test/http.jsp";
//HttpGet对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(httpUrl);
try{
//取得HttpClient对象
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
//请求HttpClient,取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//请求成功
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
//取得返回的字符串
String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
textView.setText(strResult);
}else{
textView.setText("请求错误");
}
}catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
Log.e("GetActivity", "ClientProtocolException");
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IOException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
Log.e("GetActivity", "IOException");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Post方法则比Get方法稍微复杂一点。首先使用HttpPost来构建一个Post方式的请求,然后需要使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的参数,还需要设置所使用的字符集,最后就和Get方式一样通过HttpClient来请求这个链接,返回响应并且处理,下面是一个例子:
public class PostActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.http);
TextView textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text);
//http地址
String httpUrl = "http://59.64.158.106:8080/test/httpGet.jsp";
//httpPost连接对象
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
//使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的post阐述
List params = new ArrayList();
//添加要传递的参数
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("par", "HttpClient_android_post"));
try{
//设置字符集
HttpEntity httpEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312");
httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity);
//取得默认的HttpClient
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
//取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
//HttpStatus.SC_OK)表示连接成功
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
//取得返回的字符串
String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
textView.setText(result);
}else{
textView.setText("请求错误");
}
}catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
Log.e("PostActivity", "ClientProtocolException");
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IOException e) {
Log.e("PostActivity", "IOException");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
注意:代码中的url地址中的ip:127.0.0.1需要修改成自己所需要的地址