mysql linux redhat_RedHat Linux 6 下 MySQL 8.0.11安装配置

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-07 18:40:29 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-07 18:40:29 发布

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文章标签： mysql linux redhat

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42355570/article/details/113144071

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本文档详细介绍了如何在RedHat Linux 6.5系统上安装MySQL 8.0.11。首先解压RPM包，创建mysql用户，然后按照特定顺序安装各个组件，解决依赖问题。安装过程中，遇到的冲突和错误都被逐一解决，包括删除旧的mysql-libs，安装perl依赖等。最后成功启动MySQL服务，并设置了root用户密码，创建了一个名为leo的测试用户，实现了远程连接。

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我这里是RHEL6.5的系统，因此选择RedHat 6 x86,64bit操作系统---下载第一个RPM Bundle即可--MySQL-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar。

目前MySQL8.0.11社区版提供了多种多样的安装方式，但是并未发现针对Linux Generic安装包包含的mysql_secure_installation的安装说明。

MySQL官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

因此这里使用推荐的RPM安装：

一、mysql-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar解压后有如下7个文件：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 28987588 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 672184 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4443296 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-devel-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2579460 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1902676 Apr 9 01:06 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 395918848 Apr 9 01:07 mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49092596 Apr 9 01:07 mysql-community-test-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

然后创建mysql用户：

useradd mysql

passwd mysql

二、安装顺序为：(建议装之前先把之前的mysql相关包全部卸载，rpm -e --nodeps 即可)

[root@Python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:mysql-community-common ########################################### [100%]

[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:mysql-community-libs ########################################### [100%]

[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

file /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0 from install of mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.0.1.el6_8.x86_64

file /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.16.0.0 from install of mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.0.1.el6_8.x86_64

[root@python ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.0.1.el6_8.x86_64

[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:mysql-community-libs-co########################################### [100%]

[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

error: Failed dependencies:

mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64

[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:mysql-community-client ########################################### [100%]

[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:mysql-community-server ########################################### [100%]

[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-devel-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:mysql-community-devel ########################################### [100%]

^[[A[root@python ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-test-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-test-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

error: Failed dependencies:

perl(JSON) is needed by mysql-community-test-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64

--懒的去装perl了，因此测试套件就不装了。

三、安装完毕后相关信息如下：

[root@python ~]# mysql -V

mysql Ver 8.0.11 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@python ~]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7166 Apr 8 16:21 /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@python ~]# ll /etc/my.cnf --配置文件位置

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1188 Apr 8 16:21 /etc/my.cnf

默认的datadir是在/var/lib/mysql/，可以通过修改my.cnf修改，启动命令如下：

[root@python ~]# service mysqld start

Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]

Starting mysqld: [ OK ]

四、发现没密码不能登录，于是添加skip-grant-tables到my.cnf，重启进去重置密码

mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'mysql';

ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement

mysql> exit

Bye

居然不能改。。。于是：

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='root';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user root@'localhost' identified by 'mysql';

ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

还是不能改，查看密码复杂度要求：

mysql> show variables like '%pass%';

+----------------------------------------------+-----------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------------------------------+-----------------+

| caching_sha2_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys | ON |

| caching_sha2_password_private_key_path | private_key.pem |

| caching_sha2_password_public_key_path | public_key.pem |

| default_password_lifetime | 0 |

| disconnect_on_expired_password | ON |

| mysql_native_password_proxy_users | OFF |

| password_history | 0 |

| password_reuse_interval | 0 |

| report_password | |

| sha256_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys | ON |

| sha256_password_private_key_path | private_key.pem |

| sha256_password_proxy_users | OFF |

| sha256_password_public_key_path | public_key.pem |

| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |

| validate_password.dictionary_file | |

| validate_password.length | 8 |

| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 |

| validate_password.number_count | 1 |

| validate_password.policy | MEDIUM |

| validate_password.special_char_count | 1 |

+----------------------------------------------+-----------------+

查看官网https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password.policy

发现此值有3个，如下所示：

于是设置为0，然后将validate_password.length设置为4，表示最少需要4字符。之所以设置为4是因为这个参数的值不能小于如下公式的计算结果：

validate_password.number_count

+ validate_password.special_char_count

+ (2 * validate_password.mixed_case_count)

于是继续创建用户，MySQL8.0取消了直接grant创建用户的语法，只能先create user再grant，因此创建root如下：

mysql> create user root@'localhost' identified by 'mysql';

ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation CREATE USER failed for 'root'@'localhost'

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user root@'localhost' identified by 'mysql';

ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation CREATE USER failed for 'root'@'localhost'

尼玛...什么玩意儿？

于是去逛了一圈stackoverflow,都说这是一个BUG，于是操作如下：

mysql> drop user root@'localhost'; --是的没错，虽然没有root@'localhost'用户，但你还是要删一遍。

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> create user root@'localhost' identified by 'mysql';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'localhost' with grant option;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

终于改完密码了...去掉参数文件的skip-grant-tables参数，service mysqld restart重启服务。

五、终于设置好密码了，建一个测试用户leo，然后尝试远程连接下吧：

$ mysql -uleo -pmysql -h192.168.1.193

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

ERROR 2059 (HY000): Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded: /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

我这5.7的mysql工具都连不上，这就尴尬了，查看认证相关参数：

mysql> show variables like '%auth%';

+-------------------------------+-----------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-------------------------------+-----------------------+

| default_authentication_plugin | caching_sha2_password |

+-------------------------------+-----------------------+

1 row in set (0.02 sec)

查看官网发现此值的取值如下：

官网还说此值影响create user不显式指定auth plugin时密码的默认加密算法，卧槽...那岂不是说我之前创建的leo用户使用的是默认的caching_sha2_password认证，查看一下：

mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user;

+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+

| user | host | plugin |

+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+

| leo | % | caching_sha2_password |

| mysql.infoschema | localhost | mysql_native_password |

| mysql.session | localhost | mysql_native_password |

| mysql.sys | localhost | mysql_native_password |

| root | localhost | caching_sha2_password |

+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+

完了，全TM完了......

显然不能直接update plugin，因为这可能导致加密的密码无法被正确解密，你所有的密码都会变异，因此除root@'localhost'外全部删掉重建。

首先需要在my.cnf里添加：default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password，然后service mysqld restart重启服务：

mysql> drop user leo;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user leo identified by 'mysql';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> grant all on *.* to leo;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

$mysql -V

mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.20, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

$ mysql -uleo -pmysql -h192.168.1.193

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 16

Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

至此远程连接正常。

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mysql linux redhat_RedHat Linux 6 下 MySQL 8.0.11安装配置

我这里是RHEL6.5的系统，因此选择RedHat 6 x86,64bit操作系统---下载第一个RPM Bundle即可--MySQL-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar。目前MySQL8.0.11社区版提供了多种多样的安装方式，但是并未发现针对Linux Generic安装包包含的mysql_secure_installation的安装说明。MySQL官网地址...
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