HAL库读写SD卡（非DMA）

stm32cube配置

lock transition on which the bit capture is made //指定位捕捉的时钟边沿
sdmmc clock divider bypass //不使用bypass模式，直接用HCLK进行分频得到SDIO_CK
sdmmc Clock output is enabled when the bus is idle // 空闲时不关闭时钟电源
sdmmc hardware flow control //关闭硬件流控制
sdmmcclk clock divider factor //时钟分频

SDMMC 时钟分频，当MCU主频低时，SDMMC时钟也得降低，否则不能读写

#define BLOCK_SIZE            512        			             // SD卡块大小     
#define NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS      1                         // 测试块数量(小于15)
#define WRITE_READ_ADDRESS    0x00001000     // 测试读写地址

__align(4) uint32_t Buffer_Block_Tx[BLOCK_SIZE*NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS]; // 写数据缓存
__align(4) uint32_t Buffer_Block_Rx[BLOCK_SIZE*NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS]; // 读数据缓存

HAL_StatusTypeDef sd_status;    // HAL库函数操作SD卡函数返回值：操作结果


//填充缓冲区数组
void Fill_Buffer(uint32_t *pBuffer, uint32_t BufferLength, uint32_t Offset)
{
  uint32_t index = 0;
  /* 填充数据 */
  for (index = 0; index < BufferLength; index++ )
  {
    pBuffer[index] = index + Offset;
  }
}

Fill_Buffer(Buffer_Block_Tx,BLOCK_SIZE*NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS, 0x6666);

	HAL_SD_Erase(&hsd1,0x00000000,WRITE_READ_ADDRESS+1000);
	HAL_Delay(100);
sd_status=HAL_SD_ReadBlocks(&hsd1,(uint8_t *)Buffer_Block_Rx,WRITE_READ_ADDRESS,NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS,0xffff);
	HAL_Delay(100);
sd_status=HAL_SD_WriteBlocks(&hsd1,(uint8_t *)Buffer_Block_Tx,WRITE_READ_ADDRESS,NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS,0xffff);
	HAL_Delay(100);
sd_status=HAL_SD_ReadBlocks(&hsd1,(uint8_t *)Buffer_Block_Rx,WRITE_READ_ADDRESS,NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS,0xffff);

在线调试时可在watch窗口查看写入读取数值

当出现SD可以初始化，读写返回值OK，但不能读写的情况时，可适当调整SDMMC时钟分频，或者SDMMC中断优先级，或者将系统时基定时器改为TIM6。然后重新生成工程并编译。
有时不好使有可能为stm32cube 的bug