rman备份mysql_oracle数据库rman备份计划及恢复

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-16 12:19:46 发布

医师黄继斌

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-16 12:19:46 发布

阅读量224

点赞数

文章标签： rman备份mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42393452/article/details/113898509

版权

1.rman完全恢复的前提条件：历史的datafile,controlfile和spfile备份，加上完整的archivelog和完好的redolog。

2.rman备份脚本：

a.RMAN 0级备份命令:

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

allocate channel c3 type disk;

backup incremental level 0 tag 'level0' format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_0_%u_%s_%p" ascompressed backupset

database;

sql "alter system archive log current";

backup filesperset 3 format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p_%c"archivelog all delete input; #备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

}

b.RMAN 1级备份命令:

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

allocate channel c3 type disk;

backup incremental level 1 tag 'level1' format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_1_%u_%s_%p' ascompressed backupset

database;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup filesperset 3 format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p'archivelog all delete input; #备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

}

c.rman删除备份命令(在保留最近一天备份的情况下，删除其他备份):

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;

d.操作系统层面运行rman备份或删除命令(windows/linux)：

rman target sys/rf4rfvbgt56yhn@rfdb nocatalog CMDFILE 'D:\app\rman\rman_file\level_0.txt' log=E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\log\rman_level_0.log

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1

export ORACLE_SID=atest

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

rman target sys/123456@atest nocatalog CMDFILE '/u01/rman/rman.sh' log=/u01/rman/rman.log

00 02 * * 1 bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

00 02 * * 3 bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

00 02 * * 5 bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

00 04 * * * bash /u01/rman_file/run_delete.sh

34 11 * * * bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

e.rman参数设置：

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

RMAN>CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;

RMAN> CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE disk TO 2;

RMAN> CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE disk TO 2;

3.rman恢复

a.拷贝datafile,controlfile和spfile的rman备份，以及完整的archivelog和完好的redolog文件到新的数据库。

b.切换至oracle用户，进入rman(先设置sid)：

export ORACLE_SID=rfdb

rlwrap rman target /

c.启动一个伪实例：

RMAN>startup nomount

connected to target database (not started)

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure inprocessing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1/dbs/initrfdb.ora'starting Oracle instance without parameter file forretrieval of spfile

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1068937216bytes

Fixed Size 2260088bytes

Variable Size 281019272bytes

Database Buffers 780140544bytes

Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes

d.在伪实例下恢复spfile文件(必须要指定rman的备份片)：

RMAN> restore spfile from "/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp";

Starting restore at 14-DEC-15

usingchannel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore fromAUTOBACKUP complete

Finished restore at 14-DEC-15

e.关闭伪实例，用spfile文件启动至nomount状态：

RMAN>shutdown abort

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN>startup nomount

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1068937216bytes

Fixed Size 2260088bytes

Variable Size 910164872bytes

Database Buffers 150994944bytes

Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes

f.恢复控制文件(必须要指定rman的备份片，备份片应该和spfile的恢复片是同一个)：

RMAN> restore controlfile from "/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp";

Starting restore at 14-DEC-15allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1146 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ATEST/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b0h_.ctl

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b6n_.ctl

Finished restore at 14-DEC-15

g.启动数据库至mount状态：

RMAN>alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

h.把拷贝到新机器的备份文件注册到(刚恢复的)控制文件中(redolog不能被注册，所以最后有报错，没有关系)：

RMAN> catalog start with "/u01/ora_bak";

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 14-DEC-15allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1146 device type=DISK

Crosschecked 1objects

Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 14-DEC-15Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 14-DEC-15

usingchannel ORA_DISK_1

Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 14-DEC-15searching for all files inthe recovery area

cataloging files...

cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files

=======================File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/backupset/2015_12_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151209T161546_c6hrslnq_.bkp

File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/autobackup/2015_12_09/o1_mf_s_898014415_c6hsghgm_.bkp

File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ATEST/autobackup/2015_12_09/o1_mf_s_898013812_c6hrvo18_.bkp

searching for all files that match the pattern /u01/ora_bak

List of Files Unknown to the Database

=====================================File Name: /u01/ora_bak/O1_MF_S_895896351_C4KSF2YN_.BKP

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_11_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_23_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_19_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_33_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_8_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_9_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_17_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_21_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_20_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_12_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_6_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_14_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_26_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_24_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_30_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_16_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_22_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_7_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_27_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_31_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_25_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_29_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_28_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_13_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_18_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_10_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_15_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/arch/1_32_896812716.dbf

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/controlfile/o1_mf_c5fr9b6n_.ctl

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_2_c5fr9h1f_.log

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_3_c5fr9kfo_.log

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog_f/o1_mf_1_c5fr9ds4_.log

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c5fr9k9d_.log

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c5fr9gy5_.log

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c5fr9dmk_.log

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/backupset/2015_12_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151207T173421_c6bnnxsl_.bkp

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp

File Name: /u01/ora_bak/O1_MF_S_895896118_C4KS5S1R_.BKP

Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)?yes