进击的球球

学习python几天了，做个游戏项目实战一下。

过程中经常出现几个Bug

问题1：

unindent does not match any outer indentation level

对于此错误，最常见的原因是，的确没有缩进。根据错误提示的行数，去代码中看了下，看起来没有什么问题呀，都有缩进，而且语法也没有错误。

最终发现代码报错原因还真是出在这里，错误提示的这行看起来是缩进了，实际上确没有缩进，这就是问题的根源所在。

不要看起来代码缩进了就感觉ok了，实际上是没有缩进的。

问题2:'str' object has no attribute 'Ball'

变量类型错误

问题3：

local variable 'game_ball' referenced before assignment

局部变量与全局变量

判断球与砖块的碰撞的函数的大致想法

    def bomb_b(self, brick):
        if brick.x - self.w <= self.x <= brick.x + brick.w:
            if brick.y-self.h <= self.y <= brick.y + brick.h:
                if self.x>brick.x:
                    if self.x+self.w<brick.x+brick.w:
                        self.turnx()
                elif self.y>brick.y:
                    if self.y+self.h<brick.y+brick.h:
                        self.turny()
                else:
                    self.turnx
                    self.turny
                return True

        return False

总结：有些问题在学习的时候就被着重指出，但是还是会出现这样那样的问题。希望在以后的项目中不断地提升自己减少这些不必要的错误的出现。

贴上主程序和球类；

import tkinter
import random
import time
import config
import paddle
import image
import Ball
import Brick
#定义砖头
bricks=[]
#定义个球
balls=[]
# 定义hp变量，保存板子对象
hp = ""
#吃糖吗？
#candys=[]
# 定义当前用户的分数
life = 1
score = 0
# 定义游戏状态
game_state = config.GAME_START

# 创建窗体
game_window = tkinter.Tk()
# 窗口文字设置
game_window.title('进击的球球')
# 窗口位置处理
screenwidth = game_window.winfo_screenwidth()
screenheight = game_window.winfo_screenheight()
size = '%dx%d+%d+%d' % (config.GAME_WIDTH, config.GAME_HEIGHT, (screenwidth-config.GAME_WIDTH)/2, 20)
game_window.geometry(size)
# 加载游戏用到的所有的图片
back, ball_image, brick_image, paddle_image= image.load_image(tkinter)
start_image,stop_image = image.load_state_image(tkinter)
# 获取画布
window_canvas = tkinter.Canvas(game_window)
# 画布包装方式
window_canvas.pack(expand=tkinter.YES, fill=tkinter.BOTH)
# 用来协助控制时间

count = 0
def enter_action():# 10ms执行一次
    global count

    count += 1
    if count%80 == 0:
        n=random.randint(2,10)
        for x in range(1,n):
            brick = Brick.Brick(brick_image)# 生成一个敌人
            bricks.append(brick)# 敌人添加到列表中
            window_canvas.create_image(brick.x,brick.y,anchor = tkinter.NW,image=brick.image,tag=brick.tag)
        
def step_action():
    global count
    if count%80 == 0:
        for brick in bricks:
            brick.step(window_canvas)
    for ball in balls:
        ball.step(window_canvas)

def call_back_click(event):
    global game_state
    # 如果游戏状态为启动状态，则修改状态为运行
    # 如果游戏状态为结束状态，则修改状态为启动状态
    if game_state == config.GAME_START:
        game_state = config.GAME_RUNNING
        # 画分和命
        window_canvas.create_text(10, 10, text="分数：%d" % (score), anchor=tkinter.NW, fill="red", font="time 24 bold",
                                  tag="SCORE")
        window_canvas.create_text(10, 50, text="生命：%d" % (life), anchor=tkinter.NW, fill="red", font="time 24 bold",
                                  tag="LIFE")
        # 删除启动图片
        window_canvas.delete("START")

    elif game_state == config.GAME_STOP:
        window_canvas.delete("BACK")
        window_canvas.delete("HP")
        window_canvas.delete("STOP")
        game_state = config.GAME_START
        game_start()

def out_of_bounds_action():
    for ball in balls:
        ball.bombout()
        ball.bombp(hp)
        if ball.bomblose(hp)==True:
            game_state=config.GAME_STOP
            game_over()
        global score
        for brick in bricks:
            if ball.bomb_b(brick):
                score+=1
                bricks.remove(brick)
                window_canvas.delete(brick.tag)
def game_over():
    global game_state
    game_state = config.GAME_STOP
    for ball in balls:
        window_canvas.delete(ball.tag)
    for brick in bricks:
        window_canvas.delete(brick.tag)
    balls.clear()
    bricks.clear()
    window_canvas.create_image(0,0,anchor=tkinter.NW,image=stop_image,tag="STOP")

def call_back_move(event):
    if game_state == config.GAME_RUNNING:
        old_x = hp.x
        hp.x = event.x - hp.w/2
        window_canvas.move("HP", hp.x-old_x,0)
def draw_action():
    # 画分和，命
    window_canvas.delete("SCORE")
    window_canvas.delete("LIFE")
    window_canvas.create_text(10,10,text="分数：%d"%(score),anchor=tkinter.NW,fill="red",font="time 24 bold",tag="SCORE")
    window_canvas.create_text(10,50,text="生命：%d"%(life),anchor=tkinter.NW,fill="red",font="time 24 bold",tag="LIFE")
def game_start():
    global life
    global score
    life = 1
    score = 0
    # 画游戏背景
    window_canvas.create_image(0, 0, anchor=tkinter.NW, image=back, tag="BACK")
    # 把我的板子拿来
    global hp
    hp = paddle.Paddle(paddle_image)
    global ball
    ball = Ball.Ball(ball_image)
    balls.append(ball)
    window_canvas.create_image(ball.x, ball.y, anchor=tkinter.NW, image=ball.image, tag=ball.tag)
    window_canvas.create_image(hp.x, hp.y, anchor=tkinter.NW, image=hp.image, tag="HP") 
    window_canvas.create_image(0, 0, anchor=tkinter.NW, image=start_image, tag="START")

def game():
    if game_state == config.GAME_START:
        game_start()
        window_canvas.bind("<Motion>",call_back_move)
        window_canvas.bind("<Button-1>",call_back_click)
    while True:
        if game_state == config.GAME_RUNNING:
            # 入场
            enter_action()
            # 动起来
            step_action()
            # 判断游戏能否继续
            out_of_bounds_action()
            if life >= 0:
                # 画分和命
                draw_action()
                # 更新显示
        game_window.update()
        # 休眠10ms
        time.sleep(0.01)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    game()
    game_window.mainloop()

import random
import config
import Brick
class Ball:
    BAll_count = 0
    def __init__(self, image, x=150, y=450):
        Ball.BAll_count+=1
        self.tag ="Ball_"+str(Ball.BAll_count)
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.image = image
        self.w = image.width()
        self.h = image.height()
    Ball_direction=[-1,-1]
    def step(self, canvas):
        a=random.randint(0,3)

        canvas.move(self.tag, a*Ball.Ball_direction[0], a*Ball.Ball_direction[1])
        self.y += a*Ball.Ball_direction[1]
        self.x += a*Ball.Ball_direction[0]
    def bombout(self):
        if self.y < 0:
            Ball.Ball_direction[1]=1
        if self.x < (0 + self.w):
            Ball.Ball_direction[0]=1
        if self.x > (config.GAME_WIDTH-self.w):
            Ball.Ball_direction[0]=-1

    def bomblose(self,hp):
        pass
        if self.y>hp.y+hp.w:
            return True
    def bombp(self,hp):
        if hp.x - self.w <= self.x <= hp.x + hp.w:
            if hp.y-self.h <= self.y <= hp.y + hp.h:
                Ball.Ball_direction[1]=-1
    def bomb_b(self, brick):
        if brick.x - self.w <= self.x <= brick.x + brick.w:
            if brick.y-self.h <= self.y <= brick.y + brick.h:
                if self.x>brick.x:
                    if self.x+self.w<brick.x+brick.w:
                        Ball.Ball_direction[0]*=-1    
                elif self.y>brick.y:
                    if self.y+self.h<brick.y+brick.h:
                        Ball.Ball_direction[1]*=-1
                else:
                    Ball.Ball_direction[0]*=-1
                    Ball.Ball_direction[1]*=-1
                return True

        return False