用Python做50道ACM之《猫捉老鼠 》

14.猫捉老鼠

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=1019

难点主要在于如何判断是否永远追不上。

思路：若某一时刻猫和老鼠同时处在它们之前已经处过的状态，则二者永远不会相遇。

import sys

def cat_mouse(room):
    times=0
    catch_up=True
    for i in range(0,10):
        for j in range(0,10):
            if room[i][j]=='m':
                mouse_start=[i,j]
                room[i][j]='.'
            if room[i][j]=='c':
                cat_start=[i,j]
                room[i][j]='.'
    cat=Animal(cat_start,room)
    mouse=Animal(mouse_start,room)
    path=[] # 保存猫与老鼠同一时刻各自所处的位置和状态
    while cat.location!=mouse.location:
        times+=1
        cat.move()
        mouse.move()
        # 特别注意若无静态化处理，坐标值会随之改变
        situation=[['c',str(cat.location),cat.direction],
                   ['m',str(mouse.location),mouse.direction]]
        if not situation in path:
            path.append(situation)
        else:
            catch_up=False
            break
    if catch_up:
        print(times)
    else:
        print(0)
    
class Animal():
    def __init__(self,location,room):
        self.direction='up'
        self.location=location
        self.room=room
    def move(self):
        if self.direction=='up':
            next_pos=[self.location[0]-1,self.location[1]]
            if self.__pos_in_room(next_pos) and self.__next_situation(next_pos)=='.':
                self.location[0]-=1
            else:
                self.direction='right'
        elif self.direction=='right':
            next_pos=[self.location[0],self.location[1]+1]
            if self.__pos_in_room(next_pos) and self.__next_situation(next_pos)=='.':
                self.location[1]+=1
            else:
                self.direction='down'
        elif self.direction=='down':
            next_pos=[self.location[0]+1,self.location[1]]
            if self.__pos_in_room(next_pos) and self.__next_situation(next_pos)=='.':
                self.location[0]+=1
            else:
                self.direction='left'
        else:
            next_pos=[self.location[0],self.location[1]-1]
            if self.__pos_in_room(next_pos) and self.__next_situation(next_pos)=='.':
                self.location[1]-=1
            else:
                self.direction='up'
    def __pos_in_room(self,position):
        if (position[0] in range(0,10)) and (position[1] in range(0,10)):
            return True
        else:
            return False
    def __next_situation(self,position):
        return room[position[0]][position[1]]
    
if __name__=='__main__':
    lines=sys.stdin.readlines()
    if lines:
        groups=int(lines[0].rstrip())
        line_in_group=0
        room=[]
        for line in lines[1:]:
            if line_in_group==10:
                line_in_group=0
            else:
                line_in_group+=1
                room.append([x for x in list(line.rstrip())])
                if line_in_group==10:
                    cat_mouse(room)