spring_maven

spring

1.spring容器

@component注解解释

使用该注解标记的类会被spring自动创建对象，不用使用new关键字

@componentScan

使用该注解标记的类会搜索有component注解的类

applicationcontext 是spring的容器 使用它的实现类AnnotationConfigApplicationContext用于向容器中添加数据

实例代码

package hello;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author GuoZhaoning
 */
@Component
public class MessageService {

    public MessageService() {
        super();
        System.out.println("MessageService...");
    }

    /**
     *
     * 消息服务
     * @return
     */
    public String getMessage(){
        return "hello world";

    }
}

package hello;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author GuoZhaoning
 */
@Component
public class MessagePrinter {

    public MessagePrinter() {
        super();
        System.out.println("MessagePrinter...");
    }

    private MessageService messageService;

    public void setMessageService(MessageService messageService) {
        this.messageService = messageService;
    }

    public void printMessage() {
        System.out.println(messageService.getMessage());


    }
}

package hello;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * @author GuoZhaoning
 */
@ComponentScan
public class ApplicationSpring {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("ApplicationSpring");
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationSpring.class);

    }
}

2.获取容器中的对象

使用getbean方法

实例代码

        MessageService messageService = applicationContext.getBean(MessageService.class);
        MessagePrinter messagePrinter = applicationContext.getBean(MessagePrinter.class);
        System.out.println(messageService);
        System.out.println(messagePrinter);

3.管理对象之间的关联关系

使用@autowired注解，自动调用注解下的方法

实例代码

    private MessageService messageService;
    @Autowired
    public void setMessageService(MessageService messageService) {
        this.messageService = messageService;
    }

        MessagePrinter messagePrinter = applicationContext.getBean(MessagePrinter.class);
//        MessageService messageService = applicationContext.getBean(MessageService.class);
//        System.out.println(messageService);
//        System.out.println(messagePrinter);
//        messagePrinter.setMessageService(messageService);
        messagePrinter.printMessage();

4.xml配置

对象工厂

代码示例

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="service" class="ServiceMessage"></bean>
    <bean id="printer" class="ServicePrinter">
        <property name="serviceMessage" ref="service"></property>

    </bean>
</beans>

public class ApplicationSpringXml {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("applicationXml");
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //通过id获取，对应xml文件中的id值
        ServicePrinter printer = (ServicePrinter) context.getBean("printer");
        //通过class获取
        ServicePrinter printer1 = context.getBean(ServicePrinter.class);
        printer.getMessage();

    }
}

5.加入log4j日志文件

加入依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>

加入log4j配置文件

log4j.rootCategory=INFO, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%p - %m%n
log4j.category.org.springframework.beans.factory=DEBUG

6.idea的config配置

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关联作用，能给出更多的提示

7. 装配bean的三种方式

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自动装配就是三个注解的使用component，autowired，componentScan，以及ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(App.class);

有时候没有主类，没有地方放componentScan注解，需要进行解耦，方法单独创建一个lei，进行组件的扫描及配置。

配置类

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class ApplConfig {

}

主类修改

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplConfig.class);
        CDPlayer player = context.getBean(CDPlayer.class);
        player.player();
    }
}

注解

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8.加入junit单元测试

配置依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

正常测试

9.使用spring单元测试

配置依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

测试类

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//配置上下文环境
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplConfig.class)//配置需要测试的配置类
public class AppTest {
    @Autowired//进行注入，相当于set方法
    private CDPlayer player;
    @Test
    public void testPlay(){
        player.player();
    }
}

10.autowired注解的使用场景

1.构造函数可以使用

@Autowired
public CDPlayer(CompactDisc compactDisc, Power power) {
    this.compactDisc = compactDisc;
    this.power = power;
    System.out.println("CDPlayer的多参数构造函数");
}

2.成员直接使用