python—tkinter编程实战（二）

实例6（抽奖提问程序）

import tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox
import random
import threading
import itertools
import time

root=tkinter.Tk()
root.title('随机提问')
root.geometry('260x180+400+300')
root.resizable(False,False)

def closeWindow():
    root.flag=False
    time.sleep(0.1)
    root.destroy()
root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',closeWindow)

students=['张三','李四','王五','赵六','周七','钱八']
root.flag=False

def switch():
    root.flag=True
    t=students[:]
    random.shuffle(t)
    t=itertools.cycle(t)
    while root.flag:
        lbFirst['text']=lbSecond['text']
        lbSecond['text']=lbThird['text']
        lbThird['text']=next(t)

        time.sleep(0.1)

def btnStartClick():
    t=threading.Thread(target=switch)
    t.start()
    btnStart['state']='disable'
    btnStop['state']='normal'

btnStart=tkinter.Button(root,text='开始',command=btnStartClick)
btnStart.place(x=30,y=10,width=80,height=20)

def btnStopClick():
    root.flag=False
    time.sleep(0.3)
    tkinter.messagebox.showerror('恭喜','本次中奖:'+lbSecond['text'])
    btnStart['state']='normal'
    btnStop['state']='disabled'

btnStop=tkinter.Button(root,text='停',command=btnStopClick)
btnStop['state']='disabled'
btnStop.place(x=150,y=10,width=80,height=20)

lbFirst=tkinter.Label(root,text='')
lbFirst.place(x=80,y=60,width=100,height=20)
lbSecond=tkinter.Label(root,text='')
lbSecond['fg']='red'
lbSecond.place(x=80,y=90,width=100,height=20)
lbThird=tkinter.Label(root,text='')
lbThird.place(x=80,y=120,width=100,height=20)

root.mainloop()

效果图如下：

实例7（简易计算器程序）

import re
import tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox
root=tkinter.Tk()
root.geometry('300x270+400+100')
root.resizable(False,False)
root.title('简易计算器')
contentVar=tkinter.StringVar(root,'')
contentEntry=tkinter.Entry(root,textvariable=contentVar)
contentEntry['state']='readonly'
contentEntry.place(x=10,y=10,width=280,height=20)

def buttonClick(btn):
    content=contentVar.get()
    if content.startswith('.'):
        content='0'+content
    if btn in'0123456789':
        content+=btn
    elif btn=='.':
        lastPart=re.split(r'\+|-|\*|/]',content)[-1]
        if '.' in lastPart:
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','小数点太多了')
            return
        else:
            content+=btn
    elif btn=='C':
        content=''
    elif btn=='=':
        try:
            content=str(eval(content))
        except:
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','表达式错误')
            return
    elif btn in operators:
        if content.endswith(operators):
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','不允许存在连续运算符')
            return
        content+=btn
    elif btn=='Sqrt':
        n=content.split('.')
        if all(map(lambda x:x.isdigit(),n)):
            content=eval(content)**0.5
        else:
            tkinter.messagebox.showerror('错误','表达式错误')
            return
    contentVar.set(content)

btnClear=tkinter.Button(root,text='Clear',command=lambda:buttonClick('C'))
btnClear.place(x=40,y=40,width=80,height=20)
btnCompute=tkinter.Button(root,text='=',command=lambda :buttonClick('='))
btnCompute.place(x=170,y=40,width=80,height=20)

digits=list('0123456789.')+['Sqrt']
index=0
for row in range(4):
    for col in range(3):
        d=digits[index]
        index+=1
        btnDigit=tkinter.Button(root,text=d,command=lambda x=d:buttonClick(x))
        btnDigit.place(x=20+col*70,y=80+row*50,width=50,height=20)

operators=('+','-','*','/','**','//')
for index,operator in enumerate(operators):
    btnOperator=tkinter.Button(root,text=operator,command=lambda x=operator:buttonClick(x))
    btnOperator.place(x=230,y=80+index*30,width=50,height=20)

root.mainloop()

效果图如下：
实例9（定时自动关闭的窗口）

import time
import tkinter
import threading

root=tkinter.Tk()
root.title('倒计时自动关闭的窗口')
root['width']=400
root['height']=300
root.resizable(False,False)

richText=tkinter.Text(root,width=380)
richText.place(x=10,y=10,width=380,height=230)
richText.insert('0.0','假设阅读这些文字需要10秒钟时间')
lbTime=tkinter.Label(root,fg='red',anchor='w')
lbTime.place(x=10,y=250,width=150)

def autoClose():
    for i in range(10):
        lbTime['text']='距离窗口关闭还有{}秒'.format(10-i)
        time.sleep(1)
    root.destroy()

t=threading.Thread(target=autoClose)
t.start()

root.mainloop()

效果图如下：