Consul服务注册中心
Consul服务注册中心
参看官网:https://www.consul.io/intro/index.html
下载地址:https://www.consul.io/downloads.html
中文教程:https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-consul
安装教程:https://learn.hashicorp.com/consul/getting-started/install.html
windows下安装consul
下载完成解压到文件夹,配置path路径(本地存放路径)。
cmd打开命令窗口
版本
启动
consul agent -dev
浏览器输入 http://localhost:8500进行访问:
创建提供者服务
创建支付服务8006服务(cloud-providerconsul-payment-8006)
pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zzp.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment-8006</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入自定义的API通用包 实体类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.zzp.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml文件:
server:
port: 8006
spring:
application:
name: consul-provider-payment
####consul注册中心地址
cloud:
consul:
host: localhost
port: 8500
discovery:
#hostname: 127.0.0.1
service-name: ${spring.application.name}
启动类:
package com.zzp.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
* @author zzp
* @create 2021-02-18
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain8006 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class,args);
}
}
控制层:
package com.zzp.springcloud.controller;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* @author zzp
* @create 2021-02-18
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentConsulController {
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@RequestMapping(value = "/payment/consul")
public String paymentConsul() {
return "springcloud with consul: " + serverPort + "\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString();
}
}
启动,查看consul页面
请求
创建消费者
创建消费服务80服务(cloud-consumerconsul-order-80)
pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zzp.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-consumerconsul-order-80</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml文件:
server:
port: 80
spring:
application:
name: cloud-consumer-order
####consul注册中心地址
cloud:
consul:
host: localhost
port: 8500
discovery:
#hostname: 127.0.0.1
service-name: ${spring.application.name}
启动类:
package com.zzp.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
* @author zzp
* @create 2021-02-18
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //该注解用于向使用consul或者zookeeper作为注册中心时注册服务
public class OrderConsulMain80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderConsulMain80.class,args);
}
}
RestTemplate bean配置类:
package com.zzp.springcloud.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
* @author zzp
* @create 2021-02-18
*/
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
控制类:
package com.zzp.springcloud.controller;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author zzp
* @create 2021-02-18
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderConsulController {
public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://consul-provider-payment";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/consul")
public String paymentInfo(){
return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/consul",String.class);
}
}
启动:
请求:
总结
三个注册中心异同点(Eureka,zookeeper,consul)
组件名 | 语言 | CAP | 服务健康检查 | 对外暴露接口 | Spring Cloud集成 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eureka | Java | AP | 可配支持 | HTTP | 已集成 |
consul | Go | CP | 支持 | HTTP/DNS | 已集成 |
zookeeper | Java | CP | 支持 | 客户端 | 已集成 |
CAP:
- C:Consistency(强一致性)
- A:Availability(可用性)
- P:Partition tolerance(分区容错性)
- CAP理论关注粒度是数据,而不是整体系统设计的策略
最多只能同时较好的满足两个。
CAP理论的核心是:一个分布式系统不可能同时很好的满足一致性,可用性和分区容错性这三个要求,因此,根据CAP理论原理将NoSQL数据库分成了满足CA原则、满足CP原则和满足AP原则三大类:
- CA:单点集群,满足一致性,可用性的系统,通常在可扩展性上不太强大
- CP:满足一致性,分区容错性的系统,通常性能不是特别高
- AP:满足可用性,分区容错性,通常可能对一致性要求较低
针对于 Eureka、Zookeeper、Consul 三个注册中心,
Eureka有自我保护机制,更强调的是AP,保证服务的高可用,微服务就是偶尔宕机掉线了,一时半会不会立刻删除。
Zookeeper 和 Consul 则采用的是CP原则,他们注册的微服务是一个临时节点,只要微服务不可用,发心跳测试收不到了,就迅速剔除微服务,微服务恢复过来以后,会重新换一个serviceID。