部署LNMP架构

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-24 15:25:47 发布

风之老凌

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-24 15:25:47 发布

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分类专栏： linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42480196/article/details/100740775

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一、什么是LNMP架构
L：基于linux系统的架构
N：使用nginx软件
M：使用MySQL数据库
p：使用PHP,python等语音
的综合web架构
二、安装nginx软件

上传nginx源码包(可以从nginx.org下载)，并归档到/usr/src/目录下
通过lrzsz上传在这里插入图片描述

 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
 [root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/src/
 debug  kernels  nginx-1.16.0

安装源码编译是需要的函数库，和编译软件
pcre-devel：正则支持包
zlib-devel：解压支持的包
openssl-devel：支持加密
```
 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel
```

创建运行用户，组

 [root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

编译安装nginx

 root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.16.0/
 [root@localhost nginx-1.16.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module&&make && make install

 	--prefix		设定Nginx的安装目录
 	--user和--group	指定Nginx运行用户和组
 	--with-http_stub_status_module	启用http_stub_status_module模块以支持状态统计
 	--with-http_ssl_module	启用SSL模块
 	--with-http_flv_module	启用FLV模块，提供寻求内存使用基于时间的偏移量文件
 	--with-http_gzip_static_module 此模块的作用就是在接到请求后，会到url相同的路径的文件系统去找扩展名为“.gz”的文件

三、安装mysql数据库

上传mysql源码包和boost源码包解压
mysql需要boost的支持

 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/boost
 [root@localhost ~]# ls
 anaconda-ks.cfg  boost_1_59_0.tar.gz  mysql-5.7.24.tar.gz  nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/boost/
 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.24.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

安装编译是需要的函数库或编译工具

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel cmake

创建运行的用户，组

 [root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

编译安装mysql

 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost&& make && make install

	-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //数据库程序安装目录
	-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //指定字符集编码
	-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //默认的字符集校对规则，utf8_general_ci适用于utf-8字符集的通用规则
	-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all //指定额外支持的字符集编码
	-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc //指定配置文件存放目录

设置mysql中文件属主属组

 [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./  #递归设置将所有文件目录

修改配置文件

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
 [mysqld]
 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   #指定data目录位置
 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
 symbolic-links=0
 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
 # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
 # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
 # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
 
 [mysqld_safe]
 log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.log  #指定错误日志位置
 pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid  #指定pid文件位置
 
 #
 # include all files from the config directory
 #
 !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

初始化mysql数据库

 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
 2019-09-10T21:45:51.102478Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
 2019-09-10T21:45:54.725086Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
 2019-09-10T21:45:54.790635Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
 2019-09-10T21:45:54.846924Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 5dbacf71-d414-11e9-924b-000c29def907.
 2019-09-10T21:45:54.848308Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
 2019-09-10T21:45:54.849392Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: <dks1t4/1Jky  #root@localhost:后面的密码一定记住，后边要用来登录数据库

	--basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ //指定安装目录（产品目录）
	--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data //指定数据目录
	--user=mysql //指定用户身份

添加mysql命令到变量中

 [root@localhost ~]# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
 [root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile  #执行脚本是变量生效

设置启动文件，启动mysql服务

 #将mysql的启动文件复制到/etc/init.d/下改名为mysqld
 [root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
 [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
 Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.log'.
 . SUCCESS!

查看是否启动

 [root@localhost ~]# netstat -lunpt | grep mysql
 tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      28282/mysqld

修改mysql数据库密码

 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p'<dks1t4/1Jky'
 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
 Your MySQL connection id is 18
 Server version: 5.7.24 Source distribution
 
 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
 owners.
 
 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
 mysql> 
 mysql> set password = password('123456');
 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> quit;
 #重新登录，成功登录修改密码成功
 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p'123456'
 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
 Your MySQL connection id is 19
 Server version: 5.7.24 Source distribution
 
 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
 owners.
 
 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
 mysql>

三、安装PHP软件

上传PHP安装包，解归档

 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf php-5.6.39.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

安装编译所需要的函数库和编译工具

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel

创建程序用户和组

 [root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin php

编译安装PHP

 [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/php-5.6.39/
 [root@localhost php-5.6.39]#  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-gd --with-zlib --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5 --enable-mbstring --enable-fpm --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib && make && make install

生成主配置文件，加载PHP命令使系统可用

 #将源码包下的 php.ini-production 复制到 /usr/local/php5/下改名为php.ini
 [root@localhost php-5.6.39]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php5/php.ini
 [root@localhost php-5.6.39]# ln -s /usr/local/php5/bin/ /usr/local/bin/
 [root@localhost php-5.6.39]# ln -s /usr/local/php5/sbin/ /usr/local/sbin/

安装ZendGuardLander(注意：若是64位系统，该软件得到其官网下载64位的相应软件包，若用32位的就会报错。下载地址：http://www.zend.com/en/products/guard/downloads

 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf zend-loader-php5.6-linux-x86_64_update1.tar.gz 
 [root@localhost ~]# ls
 anaconda-ks.cfg      mysql-5.7.24.tar.gz  php-5.6.39.tar.gz                zend-loader-php5.6-linux-x86_64_update1.tar.gz
 boost_1_59_0.tar.gz  nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz  zend-loader-php5.6-linux-x86_64
 [root@localhost ~]# cd zend-loader-php5.6-linux-x86_64
 [root@localhost zend-loader-php5.6-linux-x86_64]# ls
 opcache.so  README.txt  ZendGuardLoader.so
 [root@localhost zend-loader-php5.6-linux-x86_64]# cp ZendGuardLoader.so /usr/local/php5/lib/php/
 #修改主配置文件开启
 [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php5/php.ini 
 zend_extension=/usr/local/php5/lib/php/vim
 zend_loader.enable=1

四、配置nginx支持PHP

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/php5/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
25 pid = run/php-fpm.pid		//确认pid文件位置
 149 user = php				//运行用户
 150 group = php				//运行组
246pm.start_servers = 20		//启动时开启的进程数
251pm.min_spare_servers = 5	//最少空闲进程数
256pm.max_spare_servers = 35	//最大空闲进程数
241pm.max_children = 50		//最多空闲进程数
[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php5/sbin/php-fpm  #启动fpm
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location ~\.php$ {
        root   html;
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi.conf;
    }
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload  #刷新配置
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  #重启服务

五、测试

关闭防火墙，安全机制

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
 [root@localhost ~]# iptables -F
 [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

书写测试文件

 #测试PHP是否成功
 [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/php.php 
 <?php
 phpinfo();
 ?>
 #测试数据库是否可用
 [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/mysql.php 
 <?php
 $link=mysqli_connect('localhost','root','123456');      //连接mysql数据库
 if($link) echo "<h1>恭喜你，大功告成！！</h1>"; //连接成功则返回信息
 mysqli_close();                                                         //关闭数据库连接
 ?>
 ~

测试结果

在这里插入图片描述

风之老凌

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部署LNMP架构

一、什么是LNMP架构L：基于linux系统的架构N：使用nginx软件M：使用MySQL数据库p：使用PHP,python等语音的综合web架构二、安装nginx软件上传nginx源码包(可以从nginx.org下载)，并归档到/usr/src/目录下通过lrzsz上传 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz -C /u...
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