nginx平滑升级版本

一、上传解压新版本的源码包

root@localhost ~]# rz
z waiting to receive.**B0100000023be50
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz  nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

二、获取旧版本的编译安装信息

[root@localhost ~]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.14.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx

三、编译新版本的源码包，不执行安装(make install)

#安装路径与旧版本必须相同
[root@localhost nginx-1.16.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx && make 

四、备份二进制文件，用新版替换旧的

[root@localhost ~]# mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/old.nginx
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
old.nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/src/nginx-1.16.1/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx  old.nginx

五、确保配置文件不报错

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

六、发送USR2信号
向主进程（master）发送USR2信号，Nginx会启动一个新版本的master进程和对应工作进程，和旧版一起处理请求

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root       4108  0.0  0.2  45028  1152 ?        Ss   16:58   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      4109  0.0  0.4  45456  2012 ?        S    16:58   0:00 nginx: worker process      
[root@localhost ~]# kill -USR2 4108

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root       4108  0.0  0.2  45028  1316 ?        Ss   16:58   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      4109  0.0  0.4  45456  2012 ?        S    16:58   0:00 nginx: worker process      
root       6605  0.5  0.6  45196  3364 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6607  0.0  0.3  45624  1756 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: worker process 

七、发送WINCH信号
向旧的Nginx主进程（master）发送WINCH信号，它会逐步关闭自己的工作进程（主进程不退出），这时所有请求都会由新版Nginx处理

[root@localhost ~]# kill -WINCH 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root       4108  0.0  0.2  45028  1320 ?        Ss   16:58   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root       6605  0.0  0.6  45196  3364 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6607  0.0  0.3  45624  1756 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: worker process 

八、发送QUIT信号
升级完毕，可向旧的Nginx主进程（master）发送（QUIT、TERM、或者KILL）信号，使旧的主进程退出

[root@localhost ~]# kill -QUIT 4108
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx | grep -v grep
root       6605  0.0  0.6  45196  3364 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6607  0.0  0.4  45624  2056 ?        S    17:02   0:00 nginx: worker process

九、验证nginx版本号，并访问测试

[root@localhost ~]# curl -I 127.0.0.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.16.0
Date: Sun, 18 Aug 2019 13:34:07 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Sun, 18 Aug 2019 13:26:08 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5d5951f0-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes