综合架构 --负载服务器

于 2020-09-11 16:53:49 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42480750/article/details/108501313
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目录

目标：三台网站服务器在负载服务器的调度下轮询地接受着三个网站的请求

环境准备

在“综合架构 – 网站服务器”章节中已经构建好了cloudbarn.com网站，按照同样的流程继续构建poplarleaf.com网站以及它的子网站cloth.poplarleaf.com：

  • 编写NFS配置文件
[root@nfs01 ~]# vi /etc/exports
[root@nfs01 ~]# cat /etc/exports
/data/web01 web01(rw)
/data/web02 web02(rw)
/data/web03 web03(rw)
/data/cloudbarn			web0[1-3](rw,anonuid=993,anongid=990)
/data/poplarleaf		web0[1-3](rw,anonuid=993,anongid=990)
/data/cloth_poplarleaf	web0[1-3](rw,anonuid=993,anongid=990)
[root@nfs01 ~]#
  • 配置相关目录
[root@nfs01 ~]# mkdir /data/web02
[root@nfs01 ~]# mkdir /data/web03
[root@nfs01 ~]# chown nobody.nobody /data/web02
[root@nfs01 ~]# chown nobody.nobody /data/web03
[root@nfs01 ~]# mkdir /data/poplarleaf
[root@nfs01 ~]# mkdir /data/cloth_poplarleaf
[root@nfs01 ~]# tar -zxf latest.tar.gz
[root@nfs01 ~]# cp -r wordpress/* /data/poplarleaf/
[root@nfs01 ~]# cp -r wordpress/* /data/cloth_poplarleaf/
[root@nfs01 ~]# chown -Rf nginx.nginx /data/poplarleaf/
[root@nfs01 ~]# chown -Rf nginx.nginx /data/cloth_poplarleaf/
[root@nfs01 ~]#exportfs -ra
[root@nfs01 ~]#
  • 创建数据库并配置权限：
[root@db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -pabcd1234..
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 16
Server version: 10.3.17-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> create database poplarleaf;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> create database cloth_poplarleaf;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on poplarleaf.* to 'webuser'@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'abcd1234..';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on cloth_poplarleaf.* to 'webuser'@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'abcd1234..';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]>
  • 编写Nginx配置文件：
[root@web01 ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@web01 conf.d]# ls
cloudbarn.conf  default.conf  default.conf.bak  php-fpm.conf
[root@web01 conf.d]# cp cloudbarn.conf poplarleaf.conf
[root@web01 conf.d]# cp cloudbarn.conf cloth_poplarleaf.conf
[root@web01 conf.d]# grep cloudbarn poplarleaf.conf 
   server_name cloudbarn.com www.cloudbarn.com;
   root /usr/share/nginx/html/cloudbarn;
[root@web01 conf.d]# sed -i 's/cloudbarn/poplarleaf/g' poplarleaf.conf 
[root@web01 conf.d]# grep poplarleaf poplarleaf.conf 
   server_name poplarleaf.com www.poplarleaf.com;
   root /usr/share/nginx/html/poplarleaf;
[root@web01 conf.d]# sed -i 's/cloudbarn/cloth_poplarleaf/g' cloth_poplarleaf.conf 
[root@web01 conf.d]#
  • 创建挂载目录：
[root@web01 ~]# mkdir /usr/share/nginx/html/poplarleaf
[root@web01 ~]# mkdir /usr/share/nginx/html/cloth_poplarleaf
[root@web01 ~]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@web01 ~]# tail -4 /etc/fstab
# NFS web dir
nfs01:/data/cloudbarn		/usr/share/nginx/html/cloudbarn		nfs defaults 0 0
nfs01:/data/poplarleaf		/usr/share/nginx/html/poplarleaf 	nfs defaults 0 0
nfs01:/data/cloth_poplarleaf	/usr/share/nginx/html/cloth_poplarleaf	nfs defaults 0 0
[root@web01 ~]# mount -a
[root@web01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                      380M     0  380M   0% /dev
tmpfs                         396M  5.7M  391M   2% /run
tmpfs                         396M     0  396M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root            17G  1.8G   16G  11% /
tmpfs                          80M     0   80M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/nvme0n1p1                976M  185M  724M  21% /boot
nfs01:/data/web01              17G  2.1G   15G  13% /daily_bak
nfs01:/data/cloudbarn          17G  2.1G   15G  13% /usr/share/nginx/html/cloudbarn
nfs01:/data/poplarleaf         17G  2.1G   15G  13% /usr/share/nginx/html/poplarleaf
nfs01:/data/cloth_poplarleaf   17G  2.1G   15G  13% /usr/share/nginx/html/cloth_poplarleaf
[root@web01 ~]#
  • 重启Nginx：
[root@web01 ~]#  systemctl restart nginx
  • 安装Wordpress：

在这里插入图片描述

克隆主机

使用样板机克隆出一台负载服务器，使用已有的网站服务器克隆出另外两台：

在这里插入图片描述
初始化克隆网站服务器：

[root@web01 ~]# cat skel_refine.sh 
#!/bin/bash

hostname=web02
ens160Ipv4="10.0.0.8/24"
ens192Ipv4="192.168.1.8/24"

hostnamectl set-hostname $hostname
nmcli c modify ens160 ipv4.addresses $ens160Ipv4
nmcli c modify ens192 ipv4.addresses $ens192Ipv4

# Generate new UUIDs for interfaces
sed -i "s/^UUID.*/UUID=`uuidgen ens160`/g" /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
sed -i "s/^UUID.*/UUID=`uuidgen ens192`/g" /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192

nmcli c reload
nmcli c up ens160
nmcli c up ens192

[root@web01 ~]# sh skel_refine.sh

更正备份挂载目录nfs01:/data/web02 /daily_bak nfs defaults 0 0：

[root@web02 ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Sep  8 05:34:54 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=ce4bc8b5-a786-44d4-8b83-2878f58eb6ba /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
# NFS backup dir
nfs01:/data/web02 /daily_bak nfs defaults 0 0
# NFS web dir
nfs01:/data/cloudbarn		/usr/share/nginx/html/cloudbarn		nfs defaults 0 0
nfs01:/data/poplarleaf		/usr/share/nginx/html/poplarleaf 	nfs defaults 0 0
nfs01:/data/cloth_poplarleaf	/usr/share/nginx/html/cloth_poplarleaf	nfs defaults 0 0
[root@web02 ~]# mount -a
[root@web02 ~]#

修改Windows主机文件准备测试：
在这里插入图片描述
测试页面：

在这里插入图片描述
对第三台网站服务器进行同样的配置。

负载服务器

初始化负载服务器：

[root@localhost ~]# cat skel_refine.sh 
#!/bin/bash

hostname=lb01
ens160Ipv4="10.0.0.5/24"
ens192Ipv4="192.168.1.5/24"

hostnamectl set-hostname $hostname
nmcli c modify ens160 ipv4.addresses $ens160Ipv4
nmcli c modify ens192 ipv4.addresses $ens192Ipv4

# Generate new UUIDs for interfaces
sed -i "s/^UUID.*/UUID=`uuidgen ens160`/g" /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
sed -i "s/^UUID.*/UUID=`uuidgen ens192`/g" /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192

nmcli c reload
nmcli c up ens160
nmcli c up ens192

[root@localhost ~]# ./skel_refine.sh

安装Nginx：

[root@lb01 ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
[root@lb01 ~]# dnf install nginx
Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository PowerTools is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
CentOS-8 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                                                                          36 kB/s | 3.9 kB     00:00    
CentOS-8 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                                                                        16 kB/s | 1.5 kB     00:00    
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_64                                                                                        26 kB/s | 3.0 kB     00:00    
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64                                                                                                17 kB/s | 4.7 kB     00:00    
nginx stable repo                                                                                                                             17 kB/s |  16 kB     00:00    
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                             Architecture                         Version                                           Repository                                  Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 nginx                               x86_64                               1:1.18.0-1.el8.ngx                                nginx-stable                               806 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 806 k
Installed size: 3.6 M
Is this ok [y/N]:

编写Nginx负载均衡配置文件：

[root@lb01 ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@lb01 conf.d]# vi cloudbarn_lb.conf 
[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat cloudbarn_lb.conf 
upstream cloud {
  server 192.168.1.7;
  server 192.168.1.8;
  server 192.168.1.9;
}

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name cloudbarn.com www.cloudbarn.com;
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://cloud;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
  }
}

[root@lb01 conf.d]#

修改Windows主机文件指向负载均衡服务器：

在这里插入图片描述

启动服务：

[root@lb01 ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@lb01 ~]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@lb01 ~]#

尝试访问（检查代理和防火墙）：

在这里插入图片描述
打开防火墙：

[root@lb01 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=http
success
[root@lb01 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=https
success
[root@lb01 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@lb01 ~]#

再次尝试访问：

在这里插入图片描述
检查SELinux：

[root@lb01 ~]# journalctl -xe
                                             *****  Plugin catchall_boolean (24.7 confidence) suggests   ******************
                                             
                                             If you want to allow httpd to can network connect
                                             Then you must tell SELinux about this by enabling the 'httpd_can_network_connect' boolean.
                                             
                                             Do
                                             setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1
                                             
                                             *****  Plugin catchall_boolean (24.7 confidence) suggests   ******************
                                             
                                             If you want to allow httpd to graceful shutdown
                                             Then you must tell SELinux about this by enabling the 'httpd_graceful_shutdown' boolean.
                                             
                                             Do
                                             setsebool -P httpd_graceful_shutdown 1

配置SELinux：

[root@lb01 ~]# setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1
[root@lb01 ~]#

再次尝试：

在这里插入图片描述
按照上述流程做剩余两个网站的负载均衡配置。

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