1. 匹配单个字符
通过re模块能够完成使用正则表达式来匹配字符串
代码功能.匹配任意1个字符(除了)[ ]匹配[ ]中列举的字符d匹配数字,即0-9D匹配非数字,即不是数字s匹配空白,即 空格,tab键S匹配非空白w匹配非特殊字符,即a-z、A-Z、0-9、_、汉字W匹配特殊字符,即非字母、非数字、非汉字
示例1:.
import reret = re.match(".","M")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("t.o","too")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("t.o","two")print(ret.group())
运行结果:
Mtootwo
示例2:[]
import re# 如果hello的首字符小写,那么正则表达式需要小写的hret = re.match("h","hello Python")print(ret.group())# 如果hello的首字符大写,那么正则表达式需要大写的Hret = re.match("H","Hello Python")print(ret.group())# 大小写h都可以的情况ret = re.match("[hH]","hello Python")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("[hH]","Hello Python")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("[hH]ello Python","Hello Python")print(ret.group())# 匹配0到9第一种写法ret = re.match("[0123456789]Hello Python","7Hello Python")print(ret.group())# 匹配0到9第二种写法ret = re.match("[0-9]Hello Python","7Hello Python")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("[0-35-9]Hello Python","7Hello Python")print(ret.group())# 下面这个正则不能够匹配到数字4,因此ret为Noneret = re.match("[0-35-9]Hello Python","4Hello Python")# print(ret.group())
运行结果:
hHhHHello Python7Hello Python7Hello Python7Hello Python
示例3:d
import re# 普通的匹配方式ret = re.match("嫦娥1号","嫦娥1号发射成功")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("嫦娥2号","嫦娥2号发射成功")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("嫦娥3号","嫦娥3号发射成功")print(ret.group())# 使用d进行匹配ret = re.match("嫦娥d号","嫦娥1号发射成功")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("嫦娥d号","嫦娥2号发射成功")print(ret.group())ret = re.match("嫦娥d号","嫦娥3号发射成功")print(ret.group())
运行结果:
嫦娥1号嫦娥2号嫦娥3号嫦娥1号嫦娥2号嫦娥3号
示例4:D
import rematch_obj = re.match("D", "f")if match_obj: # 获取匹配结果 print(match_obj.group())else: print("匹配失败")
运行结果:
f
示例5:s
import re# 空格属于空白字符match_obj = re.match("hellosworld", "hello world")if match_obj: result = match_obj.group() print(result)else: print("匹配失败")# 属于空白字符match_obj = re.match("hellosworld", "helloworld")if match_obj: result = match_obj.group() print(result)else: print("匹配失败")
运行结果:
hello worldhello world
示例6:S
import rematch_obj = re.match("helloSworld", "hello&world")if match_obj:result = match_obj.group()print(result)else:print("匹配失败")match_obj = re.match("helloSworld", "hello$world")if match_obj:result = match_obj.group()print(result)else:print("匹配失败")
运行结果:
hello&world hello$world
示例7:w
import re# 匹配非特殊字符中的一位match_obj = re.match("w", "A")if match_obj: # 获取匹配结果 print(match_obj.group())else: print("匹配失败")
执行结果:
A
示例8:W
# 匹配特殊字符中的一位match_obj = re.match("W", "&")if match_obj: # 获取匹配结果 print(match_obj.group())else: print("匹配失败")
执行结果:
&