ViewTreeObserver 注册一个观察者来监听视图树,当视图树的布局、视图树的焦点、视图树将要绘制、视图树滚动等发生改变时,ViewTreeObserver都会收到通知,ViewTreeObserver不能被实例化,可以调用View.getViewTreeObserver()来获得。
ViewTreeObserver继承关系:public final class ViewTreeObserverextendsObjectjava.lang.Objectandroid.view.ViewTreeObserver
ViewTreeObserver直接继承自Object.
ViewTreeObserver提供了View的多种监听,每一种监听都有一个内部类接口与之对应,内部类接口全部保存在CopyOnWriteArrayList中,通过ViewTreeObserver.addXXXListener()来添加这些监听,源码如下:public final class ViewTreeObserver { // Recursive listeners use CopyOnWriteArrayList
private CopyOnWriteArrayList mOnWindowFocusListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList mOnWindowAttachListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList mOnGlobalFocusListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList mOnTouchModeChangeListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList mOnEnterAnimationCompleteListeners; // Non-recursive listeners use CopyOnWriteArray
// Any listener invoked from ViewRootImpl.performTraversals() should not be recursive
private CopyOnWriteArray mOnGlobalLayoutListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray mOnComputeInternalInsetsListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray mOnScrollChangedListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray mOnPreDrawListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray mOnWindowShownListeners; // These listeners cannot be mutated during dispatch
private ArrayList mOnDrawListeners;
}
以OnGlobalLayoutListener为例,首先是定义接口:public interface OnGlobalLayoutListener { /**
* Callback method to be invoked when the global layout state or the visibility of views
* within the view tree changes
*/
public void onGlobalLayout();
}
将OnGlobalLayoutListener 添加到CopyOnWriteArray数组中:/**
* Register a callback to be invoked when the global layout state or the visibility of views
* within the view tree changes
*
* @param listener The callback to add
*
* @throws IllegalStateException If {@link #isAlive()} returns false
*/
public void addOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener listener) {
checkIsAlive(); if (mOnGlobalLayoutListeners == null) {
mOnGlobalLayoutListeners = new CopyOnWriteArray();
}
mOnGlobalLayoutListeners.add(listener);
}
移除OnGlobalLayoutListener,当视图树布局发生变化时不会再收到通知了:/**
* Remove a previously installed global layout callback
*
* @param victim The callback to remove
*
* @throws IllegalStateException If {@link #isAlive()} returns false
*
* @deprecated Use #removeOnGlobalLayoutListener instead
*
* @see #addOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener)
*/
@Deprecated
public void removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener victim) {
removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(victim);
} /**
* Remove a previously installed global layout callback
*
* @param victim The callback to remove
*
* @throws IllegalStateException If {@link #isAlive()} returns false
*
* @see #addOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener)
*/
public void removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener victim) {
checkIsAlive(); if (mOnGlobalLayoutListeners == null) { return;
}
mOnGlobalLayoutListeners.remove(victim);
}
其他常用方法:
dispatchOnGlobalLayout():视图树发生改变时通知观察者,如果想在View Layout 或 View hierarchy 还未依附到Window时,或者在View处于GONE状态时强制布局,这个方法也可以手动调用。/**
* Notifies registered listeners that a global layout happened. This can be called
* manually if you are forcing a layout on a View or a hierarchy of Views that are
* not attached to a Window or in the GONE state.
*/
public final void dispatchOnGlobalLayout() { // NOTE: because of the use of CopyOnWriteArrayList, we *must* use an iterator to
// perform the dispatching. The iterator is a safe guard against listeners that
// could mutate the list by calling the various add/remove methods. This prevents
// the array from being modified while we iterate it.
final CopyOnWriteArray listeners = mOnGlobalLayoutListeners; if (listeners != null && listeners.size() > 0) {
CopyOnWriteArray.Access access = listeners.start(); try { int count = access.size(); for (int i = 0; i
access.get(i).onGlobalLayout();
}
} finally {
listeners.end();
}
}
}
dispatchOnPreDraw():通知观察者绘制即将开始,如果其中的某个观察者返回 true,那么绘制将会取消,并且重新安排绘制,如果想在View Layout 或 View hierarchy 还未依附到Window时,或者在View处于GONE状态时强制绘制,可以手动调用这个方法。/**
* Notifies registered listeners that the drawing pass is about to start. If a
* listener returns true, then the drawing pass is canceled and rescheduled. This can
* be called manually if you are forcing the drawing on a View or a hierarchy of Views
* that are not attached to a Window or in the GONE state.
*
* @return True if the current draw should be canceled and resceduled, false otherwise.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public final boolean dispatchOnPreDraw() { boolean cancelDraw = false; final CopyOnWriteArray listeners = mOnPreDrawListeners; if (listeners != null && listeners.size() > 0) {
CopyOnWriteArray.Access access = listeners.start(); try { int count = access.size(); for (int i = 0; i
cancelDraw |= !(access.get(i).onPreDraw());
}
} finally {
listeners.end();
}
} return cancelDraw;
}
ViewTreeObserver常用内部类:内部类接口备注ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener当视图树将要被绘制时,会调用的接口
ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener当视图树的布局发生改变或者View在视图树的可见状态发生改变时会调用的接口
ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalFocusChangeListener当一个视图树的焦点状态改变时,会调用的接口
ViewTreeObserver.OnScrollChangedListener当视图树的一些组件发生滚动时会调用的接口
ViewTreeObserver.OnTouchModeChangeListener当视图树的触摸模式发生改变时,会调用的接口
获得View高度的几种方式:
我们应该都遇到过在onCreate()方法里面调用view.getWidth()和view.getHeight()获取到的view的宽高都是0的情况,这是因为在onCreate()里还没有执行测量,需要在onResume()之后才能得到正确的高度,那么可不可以在onCreate()里就得到宽高呢?答:可以!常用的有下面几种方式:
1、通过设置View的MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED来测量:int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
view.measure(w, h);//获得宽高int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth();int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight();
设置我们的SpecMode为UNSPECIFIED,然后去调用onMeasure测量宽高,就可以得到宽高。
2、通过ViewTreeObserver .addOnGlobalLayoutListener来获得宽高,当获得正确的宽高后,请移除这个观察者,否则回调会多次执行://获得ViewTreeObserver ViewTreeObserver observer=view.getViewTreeObserver();//注册观察者,监听变化observer.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() { @Override
public void onGlobalLayout() { //判断ViewTreeObserver 是否alive,如果存活的话移除这个观察者
if(observer.isAlive()){
observer.removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this); //获得宽高
int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth(); int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight();
}
}
});
3、通过ViewTreeObserver .addOnPreDrawListener来获得宽高,在执行onDraw之前已经执行了onLayout()和onMeasure(),可以得到宽高了,当获得正确的宽高后,请移除这个观察者,否则回调会多次执行//获得ViewTreeObserver ViewTreeObserver observer=view.getViewTreeObserver();//注册观察者,监听变化observer.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() { @Override
public boolean onPreDraw() { if(observer.isAlive()){
observer.removeOnDrawListener(this);
} //获得宽高
int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth(); int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight(); return true;
}
});
github地址:https://github.com/crazyqiang
作者:_小马快跑_
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/5b026ffc36f1