python3.8版本安装basemap的方法 & FIX THE ERROR : cannot import name ‘dedent’ from ‘matplotlib.cbook’

*python3.8版本安装basemap的方法*

请先根据该参考资料进行安装： http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3429473-1224163.html

注意 如果用anaconda使用的python编译环境，那么在第四步：
将下载好的.whl文件放在python安装目录的Scripts文件夹下：

1. 我们应寻找的目录应该是anaconda3/envs/XXX(自己环境的文件夹)/Scripts 文件夹下
2. 然后在anaconda3 prompt中自己的envs中安装basemap：
   （XXX）C:/用户/DELL/anaconda3/envs/XXX(自己环境的文件夹)/Scripts>> pip install basemap-1.2.1-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl
3. 安装成功，会有以下提示：Successfully installed basemap-1.2.2
   
4. 最后需要conda list中确认以下basemap库是否安装成功
   
5. 安装完basemap后，可以尝试执行 from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
   发现会报错FIX THE ERROR : cannot import name ‘dedent’ from ‘matplotlib.cbook’

解决方法：
参考资料 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCl6qY7VqRM

是因为anaconda3/envs/XXX(自己环境名称)/lib/site-packages/matplotib/cbook/init.py文件缺少dedent的定义，用notepad打开_init_.py，搜索"dedent"

将以下复制到_dedent_regex={}的下一行，并保存文件退出，发现错误解决。

def dedent(s):
    """
    Remove excess indentation from docstring *s*.
    Discards any leading blank lines, then removes up to n whitespace
    characters from each line, where n is the number of leading
    whitespace characters in the first line. It differs from
    textwrap.dedent in its deletion of leading blank lines and its use
    of the first non-blank line to determine the indentation.

    It is also faster in most cases.
    """
    # This implementation has a somewhat obtuse use of regular
    # expressions.  However, this function accounted for almost 30% of
    # matplotlib startup time, so it is worthy of optimization at all
    # costs.

    if not s:      # includes case of s is None
        return ''

    match = _find_dedent_regex.match(s)
    if match is None:
        return s

    # This is the number of spaces to remove from the left-hand side.
    nshift = match.end(1) - match.start(1)
    if nshift == 0:
        return s

    # Get a regex that will remove *up to* nshift spaces from the
    # beginning of each line.  If it isn't in the cache, generate it.
    unindent = _dedent_regex.get(nshift, None)
    if unindent is None:
        unindent = re.compile("\n\r? {0,%d}" % nshift)
        _dedent_regex[nshift] = unindent

    result = unindent.sub("\n", s).strip()
    return result