java main线程 join_Java多线程10：join()方法

一、前言

通过一个简单的例子引入join()方法

public class Thread01 extendsThread{

@Overridepublic voidrun() {for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "=" +i);

}

}

}

main线程中起两个线程

public classTest {public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {

Thread01 thread01= newThread01();

Thread01 thread02= newThread01();

thread01.start();

thread02.start();

}

}

结果：

Thread-1=0Thread-0=0Thread-0=1Thread-0=2Thread-1=1Thread-0=3Thread-1=2Thread-0=4Thread-1=3Thread-1=4

说明：可以看到，thread01和thread02并发执行，没有先后顺序，现在在thread01.start()之后加入join()方法

public classTest {public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {

Thread01 thread01= newThread01();

Thread01 thread02= newThread01();

thread01.start();

thread01.join();

System.out.println("main thread after join");

thread02.start();

}

}

其他不变，看一下结果：

Thread-0=0Thread-0=1Thread-0=2Thread-0=3Thread-0=4main thread after join

Thread-1=0Thread-1=1Thread-1=2Thread-1=3Thread-1=4

说明：可以看到，thread01在调用join()后，会优先执行，等它执行完了，才会执行thread02。在分析main线程中的执行过程之前，先看一下join()方法的源码。

二、join()/join(long millis)

/*** Waits for this thread to die.

*

*

An invocation of this method behaves in exactly the same

* way as the invocation

*

*

* {@linkplain#join(long) join}{@code(0)}

*

*

*@throwsInterruptedException

* if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The

* interrupted status of the current thread is

* cleared when this exception is thrown.*/

public final void join() throwsInterruptedException {

join(0);

}

join()方法调用了join(long millis)方法，注意下面这个注释：意思是最多等待几ms线程(比如thread01)结束，但若是在指定的时间内没有结束，那么调用该方法的线程(calling thread 比如main)会被唤醒，和thread01并发执行。

Waits at most {@code millis} milliseconds for this thread to die

/*** Waits at most {@codemillis} milliseconds for this thread to

* die. A timeout of {@code0} means to wait forever.

*

*

This implementation uses a loop of {@codethis.wait} calls

* conditioned on {@codethis.isAlive}. As a thread terminates the

* {@codethis.notifyAll} method is invoked. It is recommended that

* applications not use {@codewait}, {@codenotify}, or

* {@codenotifyAll} on {@codeThread} instances.

*

*@parammillis

* the time to wait in milliseconds

*

*@throwsIllegalArgumentException

* if the value of {@codemillis} is negative

*

*@throwsInterruptedException

* if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The

* interrupted status of the current thread is

* cleared when this exception is thrown.*/

public final synchronized void join(longmillis)throwsInterruptedException {long base =System.currentTimeMillis();long now = 0;if (millis < 0) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");

}if (millis == 0) {while(isAlive()) {

wait(0);

}

}else{while(isAlive()) {long delay = millis -now;if (delay <= 0) {break;

}

wait(delay);

now= System.currentTimeMillis() -base;

}

}

}

join(long millis)是同步方法，该方法是通过循环判断线程的isAlive的值(调用join方法的线程)来调用wait方法。当有线程执行完了，notifyAll方法会被调用，使其他处于等待的线程开始执行。

分析一下main方法中的执行过程。在main线程中，首先thread01依次调用start()-->join()-->join(0)方法，因为join(long millis)是同步方法，main线程会去获取与thread01对象关联的monitor的所有权(The thread that executes monitorenter attempts to gain ownership of the monitor associated with objectref)，thread01对象关联的monitor还没有被别的线程所有，所以main线程进入该同步方法，传入的参数millis为0，接着判断thread01线程isAlive(Tests if this thread is alive. A thread is alive if it has been started and has not yet died)，为true，调用wait()方法，main线程处于等待状态，而thread01线程继续执行，当thread01线程执行完毕，join(long millis)方法结束，notifyAll()方法会被调用，main线程被唤醒，继续执行，打印出"main thread after join"语句，执行thread02线程。