matlab中integrate,Integrate function

fnint

Integrate function

Syntax

intgrf = fnint(f,value)

fnint(f)

Description

intgrf = fnint(f,value) is the description

of an indefinite integral of the univariate function

whose description is contained in f. The integral is normalized

to have the specified value at the left endpoint of the

function's basic interval, with the default value being zero.

The output is of the same type as the input, i.e., they are both ppforms or both

B-forms. fnint does not work for rational splines nor for

functions in stform.

fnint(f) is the same as

fnint(f,0).

Indefinite integration of a multivariate function, in

coordinate directions only, is available via fnder(f,dorder)

with dorder having nonpositive entries.

Examples

The statement diff(fnval(fnint(f),[a b])) provides the definite

integral over the interval [a.. b] of the

function described by f.

If f is in ppform, or in B-form with its last knot of

sufficiently high multiplicity, then, up to rounding errors, f

and fnder(fnint(f)) are the same.

If f is in ppform and fa is the value of the

function in f at the left end of its basic interval, then, up to

rounding errors, f and fnint(fnder(f),fa) are

the same, unless the function described by f has jump

discontinuities.

If f contains the B-form of f, and

t1 is its leftmost knot, then, up to

rounding errors, fnint(fnder(f)) contains the B-form of

f –

f(t1). However, its

leftmost knot will have lost one multiplicity (if it had multiplicity > 1 to

begin with). Also, its rightmost knot will have full multiplicity even if the

rightmost knot for the B-form of f in f

doesn't.

Here is an illustration of this last fact. The spline in sp = spmak([0 0

1], 1) is, on its basic interval

[0..1], the straight line that is 1 at 0

and 0 at 1. Now integrate its derivative: spdi =

fnint(fnder(sp)). As you can check, the spline in spdi

has the same basic interval, but, on that interval, it agrees with the straight line

that is 0 at 0 and -1 at 1.

See the examples “Intro to B-form” and “Intro to

ppform” for examples.

Algorithms

For the B-form, the formula [PGS; (X.22)] for integration is

used.