python内存结构_内存篇4：CPython的内存管理架构-L2-池

前言

我们前一篇，已经讨论了内存块，这是CPython内存管理模型里面一个基本的逻辑单位，当然block有明确的基本单位那就是8个字节，而对于不同Python对象来说，有着不同类型尺寸(size class)来描述小型Python对象的内存分配需求，内size class index维系内存池和当前块用于什么size class的小型Python对象内存分配的关系。

备注：还有一个重要的分水岭，由于CPython3.6是基于8字节的内存对齐，CPython3.7之后的版本是基于16字节对齐，那么我们勾勒出内存池的逻辑示意图就要分情况讨论啦。

下面我们深入讨论内存池，在此之前请回顾一下这个CPython内存架构图.

Layer 1与Layer 2的内存APIs的交互

池(Pools)

池封装大小相同的块，每个池的大小为4KB,可以查看源代码

/** The system's VMM page size can be obtained on most unices with a* getpagesize() call or deduced from various header files. To make* things simpler, we assume that it is 4K, which is OK for most systems.* It is probably better if this is the native page size, but it doesn't* have to be. In theory, if SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE is larger than the native page* size, then `POOL_ADDR(p)->arenaindex' could rarely cause a segmentation* violation fault. 4K is apparently OK for all the platforms that python* currently targets.*/

/*源文件Objects/obmalloc.c的第885行*/

#define SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE (4 * 1024)#define SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE_MASK (SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE - 1)....

*

* Size of the pools used for small blocks. Should be a power of 2,

* between 1K and SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE, that is: 1k, 2k, 4k.

*/

/*源文件Objects/obmalloc.c的第920行*/

#define POOL_SIZE SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE/* must be 2^N */#define POOL_SIZE_MASK SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE_MASK

每个池对象由一个叫struct pool_header的结构体来表示，源代码的Objects/obmalloc.c从938到948行的就是池头部定义

/* Pool for small blocks. */

struct pool_header {

union { block *_padding;

uint count; } ref; /* number of allocated blocks */

block *freeblock; /* pool's free list head */

struct pool_header *nextpool; /* next pool of this size class */

struct pool_header *prevpool; /* previous pool "" */

uint arenaindex; /* index into arenas of base adr */

uint szidx; /* block size class index */

uint nextoffset; /* bytes to virgin block */

uint maxnextoffset; /* lar