linux mysql初始化配置_Linux下安装并初始化配置Mysql5.7

本地(linux环境，deepin 15.9，基于debain)安装个mysql环境，结果遇到了不少问题，记录下。

安装

sudo apt-get install mysql-server-5.7 mysql-client-5.7

安装之后，可以直接启动起来：

sudo service mysql start

查看mysql是否启动成功：

ps -ef | grep mysql

结果如下：

mysql 9452 1 0 15:59 ? 00:00:09 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

alanjin 29079 7819 0 20:45 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.bzr --exclude-dir=CVS --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn mysql

可以看到，用户mysql下pid为9452的进程，即为mysql的运行进程。

密码验证设置

默认情况下，root用户的密码为空，不过直接 mysql -u root 无法登录，因为没有权限，需要加上sudo

sudo mysql -u root

登录之后，执行以下命令：

use mysql;

mysql> SELECT user, host, plugin FROM user;

+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+

| user | host | plugin |

+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+

| root | localhost | auth_socket |

| mysql.session | localhost | mysql_native_password |

| mysql.sys | localhost | mysql_native_password |

| debian-sys-maint | localhost | mysql_native_password |

+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到，root默认的密码验证方式是auth_socket，这个是UNIX auth_socket_plugin 的用户认证方式。如果希望正常使用，还是要改成mysql_native_password

mysql> update user set plugin='mysql_native_password' where user='root';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> commit;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

密码设置

上面操作结束后，退出mysql，执行以下操作

sudo mysql_secure_installation

这个命令会引导你设置root的密码，以及一些其他操作，如下：

➜ ~ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.

The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration

of the plugin.

Please set the password for root here.

# 设置密码，但是这里可以看到，由于启用了validate_password，所以如果密码复杂度不够，会如下所示的提示密码设置不成功

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Estimated strength of the password: 25

Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

... Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

#密码设置成Root@123这种有大小写、特殊字符、数字的内容，就通过了

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Estimated strength of the password: 100

Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,

allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have

a user account created for them. This is intended only for

testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.

You should remove them before moving into a production

environment.

# 是否删除匿名用户，这里删除即可，没太大用处

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Success.

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from

'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at

the root password from the network.

#　是否禁用root用户远程登录？这里不禁用，当然如果你希望禁用，并且创建别的用户远程登录，这里可以选择ｙ

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n

... skipping.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that

anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,

and should be removed before moving into a production

environment.

# 是否删除test数据库，这里删除即可，不然留着也没什么用

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

- Dropping test database...

Success.

- Removing privileges on test database...

Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes

made so far will take effect immediately.

# 是否刷新权限？，这里选择y，然后会生效

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Success.

All done!

进入mysql

上面一堆操作之后，就可以不使用sudo登录mysql了，也可以直接远程客户端连接登录。

mysql -u root -pRoot@123