LZ77 算法是一种早期的无损数据压缩算法,它通过在原始数据中寻找重复的子串并用指针和长度来替换这些重复的子串,以减小数据大小。
下面是一个简单的 C 程序,实现了基于 LZ77 算法的编码和解码功能:
```c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h>
#define WINDOW_SIZE 4096 // 窗口大小 #define MAX_MATCH_LENGTH 18 // 最大匹配长度
// 压缩时使用的三元组(position, length, next)表示重复子串 typedef struct { int position; int length; char next; } triplet;
// 编码函数,将原始数据压缩为三元组序列 triplet* encode(const char* data, int data_size, int* triplet_count) { triplet* triplets = (triplet*) malloc(data_size * sizeof(triplet)); int triplet_index = 0; int start = 0; while (start < data_size) { int best_position = -1; int best_length = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= WINDOW_SIZE && start - i >= 0; i++) { int length = 0; while (length < MAX_MATCH_LENGTH && start + length < data_size && data[start + length] == data[start - i + length]) { length++; } if (length > best_length) { best_position = i; best_length = length; } } if (best_length > 2) { triplets[triplet_index].position = best_position; triplets[triplet_index].length = best_length; triplets[triplet_index].next = data[start + best_length]; triplet_index++; start += best_length; } else { triplets[triplet_index].position = -1; triplets[triplet_index].length = 1; triplets[triplet_index].next = data[start]; triplet_index++; start++; } } *triplet_count = triplet_index; return triplets; }
// 解码函数,