文章目录
GOTK3 简介
- gotk3 项目为 GTK 3 和依赖项目提供 Go 绑定。每个组件都有自己的子目录,用作包的导入路径。目前已实现对以下库的部分绑定支持:
- GTK 3(3.12 及更高版本)
- GDK 3(3.12 及更高版本)
- GLib 2(2.36 及更高版本)
GOTK3 Github
GOTK3 官方示例
GOTK3 开发环境
注: 以下操作均在 Mac 环境
- gtk+3版本
安装 GTK+3
-
GTK Github
- https://github.com/GNOME/gtk
- https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gtk
-
GTK官网
- https://www.gtk.org/
- https://www.gtk.org/docs/
- https://docs.gtk.org/gtk4/
-
组件文档
- https://docs.gtk.org/gtk4/index.html#classes
- https://docs.gtk.org/gtk4/class.Button.html
# 安装相关依赖
xcode-select --install
brew install pkg-config
# 是否支持GTK+
brew search gtk
# 安装gtk+3
brew install gtk+3
# 验证是否安装成功
pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0
- 配置环境变量
# 检查 pkgconfig 路径
find / -name pkgconfig
# 将以上路径添加到环境变量中(.bash_profile 或 .zshrc)
vim ~/.zshrc
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/:`brew --prefix gtk+3`/lib/pkgconfig go get -u -v github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gdk:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH"
source ~/.zshrc
安装 Glade
Glade是一个用于创建GTK图形用户界面的用户界面构建器。它允许开发者通过可视化方式设计和布局GUI元素,而不必手动编写代码。Glade生成XML格式的描述文件,描述了用户界面的结构和属性。然后,这个XML文件可以由程序加载和解释,从而创建用户界面。
- 可视化设计:Glade提供了一个直观的图形用户界面,允许用户通过拖放方式设计和布局界面元素,无需手动编写代码。
- 生成XML描述文件:设计完成后,Glade会生成一个XML格式的描述文件,其中包含了用户界面的结构和属性信息。
- 与多种编程语言兼容:由于生成的描述文件是基于XML的,因此可以与多种编程语言一起使用。GTK支持多种编程语言,包括C、C++、Python等。
- 与IDE集成:Glade可以与多个集成开发环境(IDE)一起使用,例如GNOME Builder,以便更方便地进行开发和调试。
- Glade Github
- https://github.com/GNOME/glade
- https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/glade
- Glade 教程
- https://developer.gnome.org/
- 安装 Glade
# 目前版本支持gtk+3
brew install glade
glade --version
# 启动glade
glade
-
Glade 操作界面
-
保存后会生成如下 demo.glade 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.40.0 -->
<interface>
<requires lib="gtk+" version="3.24"/>
<object class="GtkWindow" id="window">
<property name="width-request">400</property>
<property name="height-request">200</property>
<property name="can-focus">False</property>
<property name="title" translatable="yes">demo</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkBox" id="box">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can-focus">False</property>
<property name="orientation">vertical</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can-focus">True</property>
<property name="receives-default">True</property>
<property name="margin-start">10</property>
<property name="margin-end">10</property>
<property name="margin-top">10</property>
<property name="margin-bottom">10</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="expand">False</property>
<property name="fill">True</property>
<property name="position">0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkComboBoxText" id="combobox">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can-focus">False</property>
<property name="margin-start">10</property>
<property name="margin-end">10</property>
<property name="margin-top">10</property>
<property name="margin-bottom">10</property>
<property name="active">0</property>
<property name="active-id">1</property>
<items>
<item id="1" translatable="yes">item1</item>
<item id="2" translatable="yes">item2</item>
<item id="3" translatable="yes">item3</item>
<item id="4" translatable="yes">item4</item>
</items>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="expand">False</property>
<property name="fill">True</property>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkEntry" id="entry">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can-focus">True</property>
<property name="margin-start">10</property>
<property name="margin-end">10</property>
<property name="margin-top">10</property>
<property name="margin-bottom">10</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="expand">False</property>
<property name="fill">True</property>
<property name="position">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>
完整示例 main.go
示例使用 gtk+3 与 demo.glade 文件构建界面
package main
import (
"github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gtk"
"log"
)
func main() {
gtk.Init(nil)
builder, err := gtk.BuilderNewFromFile("demo.glade")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error loading Glade file:", err)
}
buildButton(builder)
buildCombobox(builder)
buildEntry(builder)
window := buildWindow(builder)
window.ShowAll()
gtk.Main()
}
func buildWindow(builder *gtk.Builder) *gtk.Window {
obj, err := builder.GetObject("window")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error getting window object:", err)
}
window, ok := obj.(*gtk.Window)
if !ok {
log.Fatal("Error converting to gtk.Window")
}
window.SetPosition(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER)
window.Connect("destroy", func() {
log.Println("Close Window")
gtk.MainQuit()
})
return window
}
func buildButton(builder *gtk.Builder) {
obj, err := builder.GetObject("button")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error getting Button object:", err)
}
button, ok := obj.(*gtk.Button)
if !ok {
log.Fatal("Error converting to gtk.Button")
}
button.Connect("clicked", func() {
log.Println("Hello World")
})
}
func buildCombobox(builder *gtk.Builder) {
obj, err := builder.GetObject("combobox")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error getting ComboBoxText object:", err)
}
combobox, ok := obj.(*gtk.ComboBoxText)
if !ok {
log.Fatal("Error converting to gtk.ComboBoxText")
}
combobox.Connect("changed", func() {
activeIndex := combobox.GetActive()
activeText := combobox.GetActiveText()
log.Println("ComboBoxText index item changed:", activeIndex, activeText)
})
}
func buildEntry(builder *gtk.Builder) {
obj, err := builder.GetObject("entry")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error getting entry object:", err)
}
entry, ok := obj.(*gtk.Entry)
if !ok {
log.Fatal("Error converting to gtk.Entry")
}
entry.Connect("changed", func() {
text, err := entry.GetText()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error getting text from entry:", err)
}
log.Println("Entry text changed:", text)
})
entry.Connect("activate", func() {
text, err := entry.GetText()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error getting text from entry:", err)
}
log.Println("Entry text activated:", text)
})
}
运行效果
go mod tidy
go run main.go
GTK 主题
- https://www.gnome-look.org/browse?cat=135&ord=latest
推荐主题
-
https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1403328
-
https://github.com/vinceliuice/WhiteSur-gtk-theme
-
https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1357889
-
https://github.com/vinceliuice/Orchis-theme
-
https://github.com/vinceliuice/Mojave-gtk-theme
-
https://github.com/paullinuxthemer/Prof-Gnome
全局主题配置
- GTK主题
# Mac 主题文件解压到.themes
# Windows msys64/mingw64/share/themes
cd ~/.themes
# 确保文件夹包含诸如 index.theme 文件以及其他图标和资源文件
ls ~/.themes/WhiteSur-Dark
- 设置主题
# Mac GTK配置文件settings.ini
# Windows msys64/mingw64/etc/gtk-3.0
vim ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini
# 添加主题
[Settings]
gtk-theme-name = WhiteSur-Dark
gtk-icon-theme-name = WhiteSur-Dark
-
运行效果
-
更新GTK缓存
gtk-update-icon-cache -f ~/.themes/WhiteSur-Dark
项目主题配置
- GTK主题
# Mac 主题文件解压到.themes
# Windows msys64/mingw64/share/themes
cd ~/.themes
- 通过代码指定主题
代码优先级高于settings.ini配置文件
func main() {
gtk.Init(nil)
// 设置 GTK_THEME 环境变量
os.Setenv("GTK_THEME", "WhiteSur-Dark")
builder, err := gtk.BuilderNewFromFile("ui/demo.glade")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error loading Glade file:", err)
}
buildButton(builder)
buildCombobox(builder)
buildEntry(builder)
window := buildWindow(builder)
window.ShowAll()
gtk.Main()
}
- GTK_CSD配置(默认值为0)
GTK_CSD=1时应用样式完全按主题样式
func main() {
gtk.Init(nil)
// 设置 GTK_THEME 环境变量
os.Setenv("GTK_THEME", "WhiteSur-Dark")
// 设置环境变量,GTK_CSD=1应用主题样式
os.Setenv("GTK_CSD", "1")
builder, err := gtk.BuilderNewFromFile("demo.glade")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error loading Glade file:", err)
}
buildButton(builder)
buildCombobox(builder)
buildEntry(builder)
window := buildWindow(builder)
window.ShowAll()
gtk.Main()
}
Mac 电脑上显示效果