[Python画图笔记]利用Python画箱型图boxplot

最近在学习使用Python画图，想用subplot画两幅箱型图，分别用来表示三组数据在空间滤波前后WRMS值的变化情况。关于Pycharm的安装和配置可以自行百度，直接贴上代码，给出效果图。代码中给出标注以便日后查询。

import pandas as pd                 #导入pandas
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from scipy import interpolate

#fig,axes = plt.subplots(1,2,figsize=(8,4))
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=1, ncols=2,sharex=True, figsize=(6, 3))

n_wrms_before_filtering=[]
e_wrms_before_filtering=[]
u_wrms_before_filtering=[]

n_wrms_after_filtering=[]
e_wrms_after_filtering=[]
u_wrms_after_filtering=[]

lines = open("D:\软件安装\SoftwareFile\Pycharm\PycharmProjects\\boxplot\data\wrms_neu1.dat", 'r').readlines()
for i in range(len(lines)):
    # split data
    fields = lines[i].split(' ')
    n_wrms_before_filtering.append(float(fields[0]))
    e_wrms_before_filtering.append(float(fields[1]))
    u_wrms_before_filtering.append(float(fields[2]))

lines = open("D:\软件安装\SoftwareFile\Pycharm\PycharmProjects\\boxplot\data\wrms_neu2.dat", 'r').readlines()
for i in range(len(lines)):
    # split data
    fields = lines[i].split(' ')
    n_wrms_after_filtering.append(float(fields[0]))
    e_wrms_after_filtering.append(float(fields[1]))
    u_wrms_after_filtering.append(float(fields[2]))

labels = 'N','E','U'  #图例
p1=ax1.boxplot([n_wrms_before_filtering, e_wrms_before_filtering, u_wrms_before_filtering],widths = 0.8,labels = labels,patch_artist = True)
color = ['#515151', '#f14040', '#1a6fdf']  # 有多少box就对应设置多少颜色
for box, c in zip(p1['boxes'], color):
    # 箱体边框颜色
    box.set(color=c, linewidth=1.5)
    # 箱体内部填充颜色
    box.set(facecolor=c)
# 这里设置的是各个box的其他属性
for whisker in p1['whiskers']:
    whisker.set(color='#180405', linewidth=1.5)
for cap in p1['caps']:
    cap.set(color='#180405', linewidth=1.5)
for median in p1['medians']:
    median.set(color='#180405', linewidth=1.5)
for flier in p1['fliers']:
    flier.set(marker='o', color='y', alpha=0.5)


labels = 'N','E','U'  #图例
p2=ax2.boxplot([n_wrms_after_filtering, e_wrms_after_filtering, u_wrms_after_filtering],widths = 0.8,labels = labels,patch_artist = True)
color = ['#515151', '#f14040', '#1a6fdf']  # 有多少box就对应设置多少颜色
for box, c in zip(p2['boxes'], color):
    # 箱体边框颜色
    box.set(color=c, linewidth=1.5)
    # 箱体内部填充颜色
    box.set(facecolor=c)
# 这里设置的是各个box的其他属性
for whisker in p2['whiskers']:
    whisker.set(color='#180405', linewidth=1.5)
for cap in p2['caps']:
    cap.set(color='#180405', linewidth=1.5)
for median in p2['medians']:
    median.set(color='#180405', linewidth=1.5)
for flier in p2['fliers']:
    flier.set(marker='o', color='y', alpha=0.5)

ax1.set(xlabel='Directions', ylabel='WRMS/mm')
ax2.set(xlabel='Directions', ylabel='WRMS/mm')
ax1.set_title('Before filtering')
ax2.set_title('After filtering')

plt.tight_layout()
#plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.129, bottom=0.11, right=0.9, top=0.88,wspace=0.2, hspace=0.2)
#plt.show()
plt.savefig('D:\软件安装\SoftwareFile\Pycharm\PycharmProjects\\boxplot\\123', dpi=600)

效果图：

本次绘图参考的博客有：

1. Matplotlib - 箱线图、箱型图 boxplot () 所有用法详解
2. 在一幅图中为箱线图设置不同颜色
3. matplotlib官方手册
   注：本次绘图中的颜色搭配来自于：学术文章绘图常用颜色搭配(附RGB值)
   由于python画图设置颜色的时候用到的为16进制的表示方式，所以我还借鉴了如何把rgb颜色值转换成16进制？？所说的，在这里ColorHaxa完成了颜色表达方式的转化。