【网络编程实例】C++11实现基于UDP的回射服务器和客户端通信

参考《TCP/IP网络编程第6章》

• 与TCP的区别：调用sendto() 和 recvfrom() 时要传入套接字地址。

服务器端代码：

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <signal.h>

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::string;
using std::endl;

#define BUF_SIZE 30

#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1"    // 指定服务端的IP
#define SERVER_PORT 9190            // 指定服务端的port

int main()
 {
     int serv_sock;
     char message[BUF_SIZE];
     int str_len;
     socklen_t clnt_adr_sz;

     struct sockaddr_in serv_adr, clnt_adr;

    //创建 UDP 套接字后，向 socket 的第二个参数传递 SOCK_DGRAM
    serv_sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (serv_sock == -1)
        cout <<"Create socket error" << errno << ": " << strerror(errno) << endl;
    bzero(&serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr));
    serv_adr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_adr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    serv_adr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);

    //分配地址接受数据，不限制数据传输对象
    if(bind(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr)) == -1)
        cout << "Bind error" << errno << ": " << strerror(errno) << endl;

    while(1)
    {
         clnt_adr_sz = sizeof(clnt_adr);
         str_len = recvfrom(serv_sock, message, BUF_SIZE, 0,   (struct sockaddr *)&clnt_adr, &clnt_adr_sz);
         //通过上面的函数调用同时获取数据传输端的地址。正是利用该地址进行逆向重传

         sendto(serv_sock, message, str_len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&clnt_adr, clnt_adr_sz);
    }
        close(serv_sock);
        return 0;
 }

客户端代码：

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::string;
using std::endl;

#define BUF_SIZE 30
#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1"    // 指定服务端的IP
#define SERVER_PORT 9190            // 指定服务端的port


int main()
{
    int sock;
    char message[BUF_SIZE];
    int str_len;
    socklen_t adr_sz; 
    struct sockaddr_in serv_adr, from_adr;

    //创建 UDP 套接字
    sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
        if(sock == -1) cout << "socket() error" << endl;
   
    bzero(&serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr));
    serv_adr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_adr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVER_IP);
    serv_adr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);

    connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)& serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr));

    while(1) 
    {
         cout << "Input message(Q to quit): " << endl;
        cin >> message;
        if(!strcmp(message, "q") || !strcmp(message, "Q"))
            break;
        //向服务器传输数据,会自动给自己分配IP地址和端口号
       sendto(sock, message, strlen(message), 0,
                        (struct sockaddr*) &serv_adr, sizeof(serv_adr) );
        adr_sz = sizeof(from_adr);
        str_len = recvfrom(sock, message, BUF_SIZE, 0,
                           (struct sockaddr *)&from_adr, &adr_sz);
        message[str_len] = 0;
        cout << "Message from server:" << message << endl;
    }
    close(sock);
    return 0;
}