python颜色参数,python matplotlib.pyplot中3D参数曲线的线条颜色

I've been googling quite some time with no success ... maybe my keywords are just lousy. Anyway, suppose I have three 1D numpy.ndarrays of the same length I'd like to plot them in 3D as a trajectory. Moreover, I'd like to be able to do either of the following things:

Change the colour of the line as a function of z

Change the colour of the line as a function of time (i.e. the index in the arrays)

This demo has an example of making such a curve:

import matplotlib as mpl

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

theta = np.linspace(-4 * np.pi, 4 * np.pi, 100)

z = np.linspace(-2, 2, 100)

r = z**2 + 1

x = r * np.sin(theta)

y = r * np.c